PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Heavy alcohol drinking is a major, preventable problem that adversely impacts the physical and mental health of US young adults. Studies seeking drinking risk factors typically focus on young adults who enrolled in 4-year residential college programs (4YCP) even though most high school graduates join the workforce, military, or community colleges. We examined 106 of these understudied young adults (USYA) and 453 4YCPs from the National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) by longitudinally following their drinking patterns for 8 years from adolescence to young adulthood. All participants were no-to-low drinkers during high school. Whereas 4YCP individuals were more likely to initiate heavy drinking during college years, USYA participants did so later. Using mental health metrics recorded during high school, machine learning forecasted individual-level risk for initiating heavy drinking after leaving high school. The risk factors differed between demographically matched USYA and 4YCP individuals and between sexes. Predictors for USYA drinkers were sexual abuse, physical abuse for girls, and extraversion for boys, whereas 4YCP drinkers were predicted by the ability to recognize facial emotion and, for boys, greater openness. Thus, alcohol prevention programs need to give special consideration to those joining the workforce, military, or community colleges, who make up the majority of this age group.
摘要：
大量饮酒是一个主要的问题，可预防的问题，对美国年轻人的身心健康产生不利影响。寻求饮酒风险因素的研究通常集中在参加4年制住宿大学课程（4YCP）的年轻人身上，即使大多数高中毕业生加入了劳动力大军，军事,或者社区学院.我们通过纵向遵循从青春期到成年的8年饮酒模式，检查了来自国家青少年酒精与神经发育联合会（NCANDA）的106名研究不足的年轻人（USYA）和4534YCP。所有参与者在高中期间都是不喝酒的人。而4YCP个体在大学期间更有可能开始大量饮酒，USYA参与者后来这样做了。使用高中期间记录的心理健康指标，机器学习预测了高中毕业后开始大量饮酒的个人风险。人口统计学匹配的USYA和4YCP个体之间以及性别之间的危险因素不同。USYA饮酒者的预测因素是性虐待，对女孩的身体虐待，和外向的男孩，而4YCP饮酒者是通过识别面部情绪的能力来预测的，对于男孩来说,更大的开放性。因此，酒精预防计划需要特别考虑那些加入劳动力的人，军事,或者社区学院，他们占这个年龄段的大多数。
