Abstract：
Diseases caused by viruses pose a significant risk to the health of aquatic animals, for which there are presently no efficacious remedies. Interferon (IFN) serving as an antiviral agent, is frequently employed in clinical settings. Due to the unique living conditions of aquatic animals, traditional injection of interferon is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study aimed to prepare IFN microcapsules through emulsion technique by using resistant starch (RS) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS). Optimization was achieved using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) response surface technique, followed by the creation of microcapsules through emulsification. With RS at a concentration of 1.27 %, a water‑oxygen ratio of 3.3:7.4, CaCl2 at 13.67 %, CMCS at 1.04 %, the rate of encapsulation can escalate to 80.92 %. Rainbow trout infected with Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and common carp infected with Spring vireemia (SVCV) exhibited a relative survival rate (RPS) of 65 % and 60 % after treated with IFN microcapsules, respectively. Moreover, the microcapsules effectively reduced the serum AST levels and enhanced the expression of IFNα, IRF3, ISG15, MX1, PKR and Viperin in IHNV-infected rainbow trout and SVCV-infected carp. In conclusion, this integrated IFN microcapsule showed potential as an antiviral agent for treatment of viral diseases in aquaculture.
摘要：
病毒引起的疾病对水生动物的健康构成重大风险,目前还没有有效的补救措施。干扰素（IFN）作为抗病毒剂，经常在临床环境中使用。由于水生动物独特的生存条件,传统的干扰素注射麻烦，耗时耗力。本研究旨在利用抗性淀粉（RS）和羧甲基壳聚糖（CMCS）通过乳化技术制备IFN微胶囊。使用Box-Behnken设计(BBD)响应面技术实现了优化，然后通过乳化产生微胶囊。当RS浓度为1.27%时，水氧比为3.3:7.4，CaCl2为13.67%，CMCS为1.04%，包封率可以上升到80.92%。感染传染性造血坏死病毒（IHNV）的虹鳟鱼和感染春季病毒血症（SVCV）的鲤鱼在用IFN微胶囊处理后表现出65％和60％的相对存活率（RPS）。分别。此外，微胶囊有效降低血清AST水平，增强IFNα的表达，IHNV感染的虹鳟鱼和SVCV感染的鲤鱼中的IRF3，ISG15，MX1，PKR和Viperin。总之,这种整合的IFN微胶囊显示出作为治疗水产养殖病毒性疾病的抗病毒药物的潜力。
