Abstract：
The utilization of various agrochemicals in crop production technology leads to soil health and fertility depletion. Multiple measures have been taken to revitalize the health of polluted soil. In this context, organic agriculture has increased over the past few years to overcome the detrimental effects of extensive modern agricultural practices. Several traditional organic formulations, such as panchagavya, jeevamurtha, beejamurtha, bokashi, etc., are vital in converting polluted farmlands into organic. Various countries have their own organic formulations to improve crop growth and yield. These formulations are rich sources of many macro and micronutrients, growth-promoting phytohormones, and provide resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Apart from these benefits, these formulations consist of several groups of beneficial microorganisms that belong to the phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria, while some of the novel groups of microorganisms were also reported from the ingredients used in the preparation of these organic formulations. These microorganisms can solubilize nutrients such as phosphorous and zinc, oxidize sulfur, reduce nitrate, and are also involved in the production of indole acetic acid, ethylene reduction enzyme (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase), and organic acids that promote plant growth and induce resistance in the plant system. Hence, the utilization of traditional organic formulations helps in the reclamation of environmental health without compromising crop yields. This review describes the importance of organic farming, the preparation and application of different types of traditional organic formulations in different countries, and the microbial composition and mechanism of growth promotion of different traditional organic formulations.
摘要：
在作物生产技术中使用各种农用化学品会导致土壤健康和肥力枯竭。已采取多种措施振兴受污染土壤的健康。在这种情况下，有机农业在过去几年中有所增加，以克服广泛的现代农业实践的不利影响。几种传统有机配方，比如panchagavya,jeevamurtha,Beejamurtha,bokashi,等。,对于将受污染的农田转变为有机土地至关重要。各国都有自己的有机配方来改善作物生长和产量。这些配方是许多宏量和微量营养素的丰富来源，促进生长的植物激素，并提供对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性。除了这些好处,这些制剂由几组属于门变形杆菌的有益微生物组成，Firmicutes,拟杆菌,和放线菌,而一些新的微生物组也报道了用于制备这些有机制剂的成分。这些微生物可以溶解营养物质，如磷和锌，氧化硫，还原硝酸盐，还参与了吲哚乙酸的生产，乙烯还原酶（1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶），以及在植物系统中促进植物生长和诱导抗性的有机酸。因此，传统有机配方的利用有助于在不影响作物产量的情况下恢复环境健康。这篇综述描述了有机农业的重要性，不同国家不同类型传统有机制剂的制备和应用，以及不同传统有机配方的微生物组成和促进生长的机理。
