Abstract：
Malaria impedes the ability of primary cells of the immune system to generate an efficacious inflammatory and immune response. Black seed (Nigella sativa) is a core dietary supplement and food additive in folklore. This study investigated the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects of N. sativa cookies in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Aqueous extract of black seed was prepared, and the total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined. The mice were infected with standard inoculum of the strain NK65 P. berghei. The mice weight and behavioral changes were observed. The mice were fed with the N. sativa cookies (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) and 10 mg/kg chloroquine for 5 consecutive days after the infection was established. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase, catalase, and hematological parameters (red cell indices, leukocytes, and its differentials) in the infected mice were determined. The inflammatory mediators, C-reactive protein (CRP), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also assayed. The result revealed that black seed had a total phenol content of 18.73 mgGAE/g and total flavonoid content of 0.36 mgQUE/g. The infected mice treated with N. sativa cookies showed significantly decreased parasitaemia, MDA, and ROS levels. Furthermore, the results showed significant suppression in proinflammatory mediators (CRP and MPO) levels and enhanced antioxidant status of infected mice treated with N. sativa. The study suggests that N. sativa could function as nutraceuticals in the management of Plasmodium infection associated with inflammatory and immunomodulatory disorders.
摘要：
疟疾阻碍免疫系统的原代细胞产生有效的炎症和免疫应答的能力。黑种子（Nigellasativa）是民间传说中的核心膳食补充剂和食品添加剂。这项研究调查了抗氧化剂，免疫调节,和抗炎作用。制备了黑色种子的水提取物，并测定了总酚和黄酮的含量。用菌株NK65伯氏原虫的标准接种物感染小鼠。观察小鼠体重和行为变化。给小鼠喂食N.sativa饼干(2.5%，5%,和10％）和10mg/kg氯喹在感染建立后连续5天。活性氧（ROS），丙二醛（MDA），超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化氢酶,和血液学参数(红细胞指数，白细胞,及其差异）确定了受感染小鼠中的差异。炎症介质，C反应蛋白(CRP),还测定了髓过氧化物酶（MPO）。结果表明，黑种子的总酚含量为18.73mgGAE/g，总黄酮含量为0.36mgQUE/g。用苜蓿曲奇处理的感染小鼠显示出显著降低的寄生虫血症，MDA,和ROS水平。此外，结果表明，用紫花苜蓿处理的感染小鼠的促炎介质（CRP和MPO）水平显着抑制，抗氧化状态增强。该研究表明，紫花苜蓿在治疗与炎症和免疫调节疾病相关的疟原虫感染中可以作为营养品。
