Abstract：
CONCLUSIONS: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) has emerged as a transformative tool in epilepsy surgery, shedding light on the complex network dynamics involved in focal epilepsy. This review explores the role of SEEG in elucidating the role of deep brain structures, namely the basal ganglia and thalamus, in epilepsy. SEEG advances understanding of their contribution to seizure generation, propagation, and control by permitting precise and minimally invasive sampling of these brain regions. The basal ganglia, comprising the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and striatum, have gained recognition for their involvement in both focal and generalized epilepsy. Electrophysiological recordings reveal hyperexcitability and increased synchrony within these structures, reinforcing their role as critical nodes within the epileptic network. Furthermore, low-frequency and high-frequency stimulation of the basal ganglia have demonstrated potential in modulating epileptogenic networks. Concurrently, the thalamus, a key relay center, has garnered prominence in epilepsy research. Disrupted thalamocortical connectivity in focal epilepsy underscores its significance in seizure maintenance. The thalamic subnuclei, including the anterior nucleus, centromedian, and medial pulvinar, present promising neuromodulatory targets, suggesting pathways for personalized epilepsy therapies. The prospect of multithalamic SEEG and thalamic SEEG stimulation trials has the potential to revolutionize epilepsy management, offering tailored solutions for challenging cases. SEEG\'s ability to unveil the dynamics of deep brain structures in epilepsy promises enhanced and personalized epilepsy care in our new era of precision medicine. Until deep brain SEEG is accepted as a standard of care, a rigorous informed consent process remains paramount for patients for whom such an exploration is proposed.
摘要：
结论：立体脑电图（SEEG）已成为癫痫手术的转化工具，揭示局灶性癫痫涉及的复杂网络动力学。这篇综述探讨了SEEG在阐明脑深部结构中的作用。即基底神经节和丘脑，在癫痫。SEEG进一步了解了它们对癫痫发作的贡献，传播,并通过对这些大脑区域进行精确和微创的采样来进行控制。基底神经节,包括丘脑底核，苍白球,黑质,和纹状体,因其参与局灶性和全身性癫痫而获得认可。电生理记录显示这些结构内的过度兴奋和同步性增加，加强它们作为癫痫网络中关键节点的作用。此外，基底节的低频和高频刺激已证明具有调节癫痫网络的潜力。同时,丘脑,一个关键的中继中心，在癫痫研究中占有重要地位。局灶性癫痫中丘脑皮质连接中断强调了其在癫痫发作维持中的重要性。丘脑亚核，包括前核,中心,和内侧pulvinar，目前有希望的神经调节靶点，提示个性化癫痫治疗的途径。多丘脑SEEG和丘脑SEEG刺激试验的前景有可能彻底改变癫痫的管理，为具有挑战性的案例提供量身定制的解决方案。SEEG揭示癫痫脑深部结构动力学的能力有望在我们的精准医学新时代增强和个性化的癫痫护理。直到大脑深处SEEG被接受为护理标准，对于建议进行此类探索的患者,严格的知情同意程序仍然至关重要.
