PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of bacteria, viruses, and protozoans living in symbiosis with the host, plays a crucial role in human health, influencing everything from metabolism to immune function. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in this ecosystem, has been linked to various health issues, including diabetes and gestational diabetes (GD). In diabetes, dysbiosis affects the function of adipose tissue, leading to the release of adipokines and cytokines, which increase inflammation and insulin resistance. During pregnancy, changes to the microbiome can exacerbate glucose intolerance, a common feature of GD. Over the past years, burgeoning insights into the gut microbiota have unveiled its pivotal role in human health. This article comprehensively reviews literature from the last seven years, highlighting the association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and GD, as well as the metabolism of antidiabetic drugs and the potential influences of diet and probiotics. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms discussed include the impact of dysbiosis on systemic inflammation and the interplay with genetic and environmental factors. By focusing on recent studies, the importance of considering microbial health in the prevention and treatment of GD is emphasized, providing insights into future research directions and clinical applications to improve maternal-infant health outcomes.
摘要：
人类微生物组，一个复杂的细菌生态系统，病毒,与寄主共生的原生动物，在人类健康中起着至关重要的作用，影响从新陈代谢到免疫功能的一切。菌群失调,或者这个生态系统的不平衡，与各种健康问题有关，包括糖尿病和妊娠期糖尿病（GD）。在糖尿病中，菌群失调影响脂肪组织的功能，导致脂肪因子和细胞因子的释放，增加炎症和胰岛素抵抗。在怀孕期间,微生物组的变化会加剧葡萄糖耐受不良，GD的一个共同特征。在过去的几年里,对肠道微生物群的新兴见解揭示了其在人类健康中的关键作用。本文全面回顾了过去七年的文献，强调肠道微生物群失调和GD之间的关联，以及抗糖尿病药物的代谢以及饮食和益生菌的潜在影响。讨论的潜在病理生理机制包括菌群失调对全身性炎症的影响以及与遗传和环境因素的相互作用。通过关注最近的研究，强调了在GD的预防和治疗中考虑微生物健康的重要性，提供对未来研究方向和临床应用的见解，以改善母婴健康结果。
