PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The escalating prevalence of retinal diseases-notably, age-related macular degeneration and hereditary retinal disorders-poses an intimidating challenge to ophthalmic medicine, often culminating in irreversible vision loss. Current treatments are limited and often fail to address the underlying loss of retinal cells. This paper explores the potential of stem-cell-based therapies as a promising avenue for retinal regeneration. We review the latest advancements in stem cell technology, focusing on embryonic stem cells (ESCs), pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and their ability to differentiate into retinal cell types. We discuss the challenges in stem cell transplantation, such as immune rejection, integration into the host retina, and functional recovery. Previous and ongoing clinical trials are examined to highlight the therapeutic efficacy and safety of these novel treatments. Additionally, we address the ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks governing stem cell research. Our analysis suggests that while stem-cell-based therapies offer a groundbreaking approach to treating retinal diseases, further research is needed to ensure long-term safety and to optimize therapeutic outcomes. This review summarizes the clinical evidence of stem cell therapy and current limitations in utilizing stem cells for retinal degeneration, such as age-related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa, and Stargardt\'s disease.
摘要：
视网膜疾病的患病率不断上升-尤其是，年龄相关性黄斑变性和遗传性视网膜疾病对眼科医学提出了严峻的挑战，通常导致不可逆转的视力丧失。目前的治疗是有限的,并且通常不能解决视网膜细胞的潜在损失。本文探讨了基于干细胞的疗法作为视网膜再生的有希望的途径的潜力。我们回顾了干细胞技术的最新进展，专注于胚胎干细胞（ESC），多能干细胞（PSC），和间充质干细胞（MSCs），以及它们分化成视网膜细胞类型的能力。我们讨论了干细胞移植的挑战，比如免疫排斥，整合到宿主视网膜中，功能恢复。检查了先前和正在进行的临床试验，以突出这些新疗法的疗效和安全性。此外,我们讨论干细胞研究的伦理考虑和监管框架。我们的分析表明，尽管基于干细胞的疗法为治疗视网膜疾病提供了开创性的方法，需要进一步研究以确保长期安全性并优化治疗结果.这篇综述总结了干细胞治疗的临床证据和目前利用干细胞治疗视网膜变性的局限性。如年龄相关性黄斑变性，视网膜色素变性,和Stargardt的病.
