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Abstract：
There is a knowledge gap regarding the link between disaster exposure and adolescent mental health problems in developing countries. This study examines the case of Sri Lanka to investigate (a) the immediate and long-term mental health impact of the 2004 tsunami disaster on adolescents and (b) the potential moderating effects of unique cultural and family practices that prevail in Sri Lanka. This study used a random sample of 160 adolescents (ages 12-19) and their mothers who were exposed to the tsunami disaster while living in a southern Sri Lankan village and provided prospective data immediately after the disaster (2005) and three years later (2008). A cross-culturally validated instrument assessed adolescent-mother dyads\' tsunami exposure, stressful loss, family cultural rituals and familism, and adolescent mental health. Structural equation modeling analysis showed that exposure and perceptions of tsunami-induced stressful experiences were associated with early and later mental health problems in adolescents. In addition, this study found that unique cultural practices and familism moderated the link between adolescent tsunami exposure, stressful experiences, and levels of PTSD and depressive symptoms. The findings of this study could be utilized to develop prevention and intervention programs that are contextually and culturally valid and empirically supported, which would be more effective for trauma-exposed adolescents in developing countries.
摘要：
在发展中国家，关于灾害暴露与青少年心理健康问题之间的联系存在知识差距。本研究调查了斯里兰卡的情况，以调查（a）2004年海啸灾难对青少年的直接和长期心理健康影响，以及（b）斯里兰卡盛行的独特文化和家庭习俗的潜在调节作用。这项研究使用了160名青少年（12-19岁）及其母亲的随机样本，这些青少年在斯里兰卡南部的一个村庄生活时遭受了海啸灾难，并在灾难发生后立即（2005年）和三年后（2008年）提供了前瞻性数据。一种跨文化验证的工具评估了青少年-母亲的海啸暴露，压力大的损失,家庭文化仪式和家庭主义，青少年心理健康。结构方程模型分析表明，海啸引起的压力经历的暴露和感知与青少年早期和后期的心理健康问题有关。此外,这项研究发现，独特的文化习俗和家族主义缓和了青少年海啸暴露之间的联系，紧张的经历,创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症状的水平。这项研究的结果可用于制定预防和干预计划，这些计划在背景和文化上都是有效的，并且在经验上得到了支持。这将是更有效的创伤暴露在发展中国家的青少年。
