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Abstract：
Background: Although several prognostic factors for survival have been identified in glioblastoma, there are numerous other potential markers (such as hemoglobin) whose role has not yet been confirmed. The aim of this study was to evaluate a wide range of potential prognostic factors, including HIF-1α and hemoglobin levels, for survival in glioblastoma. A secondary aim was to determine whether hemoglobin levels were associated with HIF-1α expression. Methods: A retrospective study of 136 patients treated for glioblastoma at our institution between 2012 and 2021 was performed. Cox univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated. In addition, bivariate non-parametric correlation analyses were performed for key variables. Results: Median survival was 11.9 months (range: 0-119.4). According to the univariate analysis, 13 variables were significantly associated with survival: age, performance status, extent of surgery, tumor depth, tumor size, epilepsy, postoperative chemoradiotherapy, IDH mutations, CD44, HIF-1α, HIF-1β, vimentin, and PDFGR. According to the multivariate regression analysis, only four variables remained significantly associated with survival: age, extent of surgery, epilepsy, and HIF-1α expression. No significant association was observed between hemoglobin levels (low <120 g/L in females or <140 g/L in males vs. high ≥120 or ≥140 g/L) and survival or HIF-1α/HIF-1β expression. Conclusions: In this retrospective study of patients with glioblastoma, four variables-age, extent of surgery, HIF-1α expression, and epilepsy-were significant prognostic factors for survival. Hemoglobin levels were not significantly associated with survival or HIF-1α expression. Although hypoxia is a well-recognized component of the glioblastoma microenvironment, more research is needed to understand the pathogenesis of onset tumor hypoxia and treatment implication.
摘要：
背景：尽管已经在胶质母细胞瘤中确定了几种生存的预后因素，还有许多其他潜在的标志物（如血红蛋白），其作用尚未得到证实。这项研究的目的是评估广泛的潜在预后因素，包括HIF-1α和血红蛋白水平，在胶质母细胞瘤中存活。次要目的是确定血红蛋白水平是否与HIF-1α表达相关。方法：对我院2012年至2021年收治的136例胶质母细胞瘤患者进行回顾性研究。进行Cox单变量和多变量分析。产生Kaplan-Meier存活曲线。此外,对关键变量进行双变量非参数相关分析.结果：中位生存期为11.9个月（范围：0-119.4）。根据单变量分析，13个变量与生存率显着相关：年龄，性能状态，手术范围，肿瘤深度,肿瘤大小,癫痫,术后放化疗,IDH突变,CD44，HIF-1α，HIF-1β,波形蛋白,和PDFGR。根据多元回归分析，只有四个变量与生存率显着相关：年龄，手术范围，癫痫,和HIF-1α表达。血红蛋白水平之间未观察到显着关联（女性<120g/L或男性<140g/L与高≥120或≥140g/L）和生存率或HIF-1α/HIF-1β表达。结论：在这项对胶质母细胞瘤患者的回顾性研究中，四个变量-年龄，手术范围，HIF-1α表达,和癫痫-是生存的重要预后因素。血红蛋白水平与生存率或HIF-1α表达无显著相关。尽管缺氧是胶质母细胞瘤微环境的公认组成部分，需要更多的研究来了解肿瘤缺氧的发病机制和治疗意义。
