PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Diarrhoea is a preventable disease affecting children under five years disproportionately. Globally, thousands of children die from diarrhoea related diseases each year, most deaths occuring in sub-Saharan Africa where Ghana is located. Coastal communities bear the greatest brunt due to poor sanitary conditions. We assess the prevalence of diarrhoea in selected coastal communities along the eastern coast of Ghana.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Mumford, Opetekwei, Anyako, Anyauni and Ateteti communities in the Central, Greater Accra and Volta region respectively. We interviewed households with children under five years on the occurrence of diarrhoea and health seeking practices. We also used a checklist to assess the sanitary conditions of the household. Frequencies and proportions were generated. We determined significant differences using modified Poisson regression models at p < 0.05. Results were presented in tables and text.
RESULTS: The prevalence ratio of diarrhoea was 36% (95% CI 33-40%). Most cases were from Anyako community. All interviewed households in Mumford and Opetekwei used improved water sources whiles 94% in Atetetio used improved water sources. Children who were fully vaccinated had 32% lower prevalence of diarrhoea compared to those who were not (aPR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.84).
CONCLUSIONS: Diarrhoea prevalence was high inspite of the reported use of improved water sources and sanitation facilities by majority of households in the communities. Fully vaccinated children had a relatively lower prevalence of diarrhoea compared to children who were not fully vaccinated. We recommend in-depth analysis of the use of water and sanitation facilities in these settings to understand the reasons for the observed diarrhoea prevalence.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study in Mumford, Opetekwei, Anyako, Anyauni and Ateteti communities in the Central, Greater Accra and Volta region respectively. We interviewed households with children under five years on the occurrence of diarrhoea and health seeking practices. We also used a checklist to assess the sanitary conditions of the household. Frequencies and proportions were generated. We determined significant differences using modified Poisson regression models at p < 0.05. Results were presented in tables and text.
RESULTS: The prevalence ratio of diarrhoea was 36% (95% CI 33-40%). Most cases were from Anyako community. All interviewed households in Mumford and Opetekwei used improved water sources whiles 94% in Atetetio used improved water sources. Children who were fully vaccinated had 32% lower prevalence of diarrhoea compared to those who were not (aPR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.84).
CONCLUSIONS: Diarrhoea prevalence was high inspite of the reported use of improved water sources and sanitation facilities by majority of households in the communities. Fully vaccinated children had a relatively lower prevalence of diarrhoea compared to children who were not fully vaccinated. We recommend in-depth analysis of the use of water and sanitation facilities in these settings to understand the reasons for the observed diarrhoea prevalence.
摘要：
背景：腹泻是一种可预防的疾病，对5岁以下儿童的影响不成比例。全球范围内,每年有成千上万的儿童死于腹泻相关疾病，大多数死亡发生在加纳所在的撒哈拉以南非洲。由于卫生条件差，沿海社区首当其冲。我们评估了加纳东部沿海选定沿海社区的腹泻患病率。
方法：我们在Mumford进行了一项横断面研究，Opetekwei,Anyako,中部的Anyauni和Ateteti社区，大阿克拉和沃尔塔地区分别。我们采访了有五岁以下儿童的家庭，了解腹泻的发生和寻求健康的做法。我们还使用了一份清单来评估家庭的卫生状况。产生频率和比例。我们使用改进的Poisson回归模型在p<0.05时确定了显著差异。结果呈现在表格和文本中。
结果：腹泻的患病率为36％（95％CI33-40％）。大多数病例来自Anyako社区。Mumford和Opetekwei的所有受访家庭都使用了改善的水源，而Atetetio的94％使用了改善的水源。与未接种疫苗的儿童相比，完全接种疫苗的儿童腹泻患病率降低了32％（aPR：0.68，95％CI0.55-0.84）。
结论：尽管据报道社区中大多数家庭使用了改善的水源和卫生设施，但腹泻患病率仍然很高。与未完全接种疫苗的儿童相比，完全接种疫苗的儿童腹泻患病率相对较低。我们建议对这些环境中的水和卫生设施的使用进行深入分析，以了解观察到的腹泻流行的原因。
方法：我们在Mumford进行了一项横断面研究，Opetekwei,Anyako,中部的Anyauni和Ateteti社区，大阿克拉和沃尔塔地区分别。我们采访了有五岁以下儿童的家庭，了解腹泻的发生和寻求健康的做法。我们还使用了一份清单来评估家庭的卫生状况。产生频率和比例。我们使用改进的Poisson回归模型在p<0.05时确定了显著差异。结果呈现在表格和文本中。
结果：腹泻的患病率为36％（95％CI33-40％）。大多数病例来自Anyako社区。Mumford和Opetekwei的所有受访家庭都使用了改善的水源，而Atetetio的94％使用了改善的水源。与未接种疫苗的儿童相比，完全接种疫苗的儿童腹泻患病率降低了32％（aPR：0.68，95％CI0.55-0.84）。
结论：尽管据报道社区中大多数家庭使用了改善的水源和卫生设施，但腹泻患病率仍然很高。与未完全接种疫苗的儿童相比，完全接种疫苗的儿童腹泻患病率相对较低。我们建议对这些环境中的水和卫生设施的使用进行深入分析，以了解观察到的腹泻流行的原因。
