Abstract：
Plant tissue in vitro culture is increasingly used in agriculture to improve crop production, nutritional quality, and commercial value. In plant virology, the technique is used as sanitation protocol to produce virus-free plants. Sanitized (S) artichokes show increased vigour compared to their non-sanitized (NS) counterparts, because viral infections lead to a decline of growth and development. To investigate mechanisms that control the complex traits related to morphology, growth, and yield in S artichokes compared to NS plants, RNAseq analysis and phenotyping by imaging were used. The role of peroxidases (POD) was also investigated to understand their involvement in sanitized plant development. Results showed that virus infection affected regulation of cell cycle, gene expression and signal transduction modulating cellular response to stimulus/stress. Moreover, primary metabolism and photosynthesis were also influenced, contributing to explain the main morphological differences observed between S and NS artichokes. Sanitized artichokes are also characterized by higher POD activity, probably associated with increased plant growth, rather than strengthening of cell walls. Overall, results show that the differences in development of S artichokes may be derived from the in vitro culture stressor, as well as through pathogen elimination, which, in turn, improve qualitative and quantitative artichoke production.
摘要：
植物组织离体培养越来越多地用于农业，以提高作物产量，营养质量，和商业价值。在植物病毒学中，该技术被用作生产无病毒植物的卫生协议。与未经消毒的（NS）对应物相比，经消毒的（S）朝鲜蓟显示出更大的活力，因为病毒感染会导致生长发育下降。为了研究控制与形态相关的复杂性状的机制，增长,与NS植物相比，朝鲜蓟的产量，使用RNAseq分析和通过成像的表型。还研究了过氧化物酶（POD）的作用，以了解它们在消毒植物发育中的作用。结果表明，病毒感染影响细胞周期的调节，基因表达和信号转导调节细胞对刺激/应激的反应。此外，初级代谢和光合作用也受到影响，有助于解释S和NS朝鲜蓟之间观察到的主要形态差异。消毒朝鲜蓟的特征还在于更高的POD活性，可能与植物生长增加有关，而不是强化细胞壁。总的来说,结果表明，朝鲜蓟发育的差异可能来自体外培养应激源，以及通过消除病原体，which,反过来,提高朝鲜蓟的定性和定量生产。
