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Abstract：
Amblyseius swirskii are predaceous mites that feed on phytophagous mites, pollens, and plant exudates and are known as one of the most potent biological pest management agents. Tetranychus urticae is a global mite that is difficult to manage because of its high population growth rates, necessitating alternative management measures like biological control. Regarding the functional response, the effects of temperature and prey density are some of the essential behaviors of natural enemies. This study investigates the effect of varying temperatures and prey densities on A. swirskii, a biological control agent for T. urticae. The present results demonstrated the change in the functional response estimates when A. swirskii was reared at various temperatures and different prey densities. The results of the estimates regarding the searching efficiency (a\') showed the highest value (a\' = 0.919) at 26 °C and the lowest value (a\' = 0.751) at 14 °C. The handling time per prey item (Th) for the predatory mites changed with the temperature and prey density, showing the shortest handling time at 26 °C (Th = 0.005) and the highest value at 14 °C (Th = 0.015). The functional response curves matched the type II functional response model, demonstrating the inverse dependence of temperatures and prey density with a positive quadratic coefficient. The predation curves for A. swirskii showed a significant difference between the mean numbers of T. urticae consumed at various prey densities and temperatures, illustrating a relationship between A. swirskii and T. urticae. Therefore, the results of this research may be utilized to forecast the behavior of A. swirskii and its usefulness in controlling T. urticae populations.
摘要：
漩涡Amblyseusswirskii是以植食性螨为食的食性螨，花粉,和植物分泌物，被称为最有效的生物害虫管理剂之一。荨麻疹是一种全球性的螨,由于其种群增长率较高,难以管理,需要替代管理措施，如生物控制。关于功能响应，温度和猎物密度的影响是天敌的一些基本行为。本研究调查了不同温度和猎物密度对旋流杆菌的影响，荨麻疹的生物防治剂。本结果表明，当在各种温度和不同猎物密度下饲养A时，功能响应估计值会发生变化。关于搜索效率（a\'）的估计结果显示在26°C时的最高值（a\'=0.919）和在14°C时的最低值（a\'=0.751）。捕食螨的每个猎物的处理时间（Th）随温度和猎物密度而变化，在26°C时处理时间最短（Th=0.005），在14°C时处理时间最高（Th=0.015）。功能响应曲线符合II型功能响应模型,证明了温度和猎物密度的反依赖性，具有正的二次系数。旋流A的捕食曲线显示，在各种猎物密度和温度下消耗的T.urticae的平均数量之间存在显着差异，说明了旋涡A和T.urticae之间的关系。因此,这项研究的结果可用于预测A的行为及其在控制T.urticae种群中的有用性。
