PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: There is evidence that there is a small group of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who are more likely to commit homicide than those in the general population. However, there is limited knowledge about the psychopathology that leads to homicide in this group. The aim of this study was to examine two commonly used definitions of the Threat/Control-Override (TCO) concept, which aims to identify a certain risk of serious violence in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
UNASSIGNED: This is a sub analysis of a file-based, retrospective and exploratory cross-sectional study. All forensic homicide offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who were detained at the Forensic Hospital Berlin as of 31 December 2014 were examined for the occurrence of TCO according to two commonly used definitions.
UNASSIGNED: Of a total of 419 forensic patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, 78 committed homicide (18.6%). The forensic homicide offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were characterised by being male, unemployed, single and having committed (attempted) manslaughter. Irrespective of the definition used, the entire TCO complex was present in less than a third of the sample. In both definitions, Threat symptoms were slightly less frequent than Control-Override symptoms. While Threat symptoms occurred less frequently in Stompe et al.\'s definition, Control-Override symptoms were the most common. With regard to Kröber\'s definition of Threat and Control-Override, the situation is exactly the opposite.
UNASSIGNED: Regarding the entire TCO complex, Kröber\'s definition seems a little more open and Stompe et al.\'s more strict (38.5% vs. 35.9%). Since TCO only occurs in about one third of the subjects in both definitions, neither definition appears to be conclusive. A combination with proportions from both definitions could be a contribution to a future definition of TCO. The present study provides scarcely published primary data on psychopathology in homicide offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, especially on the much discussed TCO concept in two definitions. In order to determine the most useful definition of TCO, to avoid false positives and to identify clear psychopathological risk symptoms, larger samples and comparative studies with offenders and non-offenders should be conducted in the future.
UNASSIGNED: This is a sub analysis of a file-based, retrospective and exploratory cross-sectional study. All forensic homicide offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who were detained at the Forensic Hospital Berlin as of 31 December 2014 were examined for the occurrence of TCO according to two commonly used definitions.
UNASSIGNED: Of a total of 419 forensic patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, 78 committed homicide (18.6%). The forensic homicide offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were characterised by being male, unemployed, single and having committed (attempted) manslaughter. Irrespective of the definition used, the entire TCO complex was present in less than a third of the sample. In both definitions, Threat symptoms were slightly less frequent than Control-Override symptoms. While Threat symptoms occurred less frequently in Stompe et al.\'s definition, Control-Override symptoms were the most common. With regard to Kröber\'s definition of Threat and Control-Override, the situation is exactly the opposite.
UNASSIGNED: Regarding the entire TCO complex, Kröber\'s definition seems a little more open and Stompe et al.\'s more strict (38.5% vs. 35.9%). Since TCO only occurs in about one third of the subjects in both definitions, neither definition appears to be conclusive. A combination with proportions from both definitions could be a contribution to a future definition of TCO. The present study provides scarcely published primary data on psychopathology in homicide offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, especially on the much discussed TCO concept in two definitions. In order to determine the most useful definition of TCO, to avoid false positives and to identify clear psychopathological risk symptoms, larger samples and comparative studies with offenders and non-offenders should be conducted in the future.
摘要：
■有证据表明，有一小部分患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的人比普通人群更有可能犯下凶杀罪。然而,关于导致这个群体凶杀的精神病理学的知识有限。这项研究的目的是研究威胁/控制覆盖（TCO）概念的两个常用定义，其目的是识别精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的严重暴力风险。
■这是基于文件的子分析，回顾性和探索性横断面研究。根据两个常用的定义，截至2014年12月31日在柏林法医医院拘留的所有精神分裂症谱系障碍的法医杀人犯都接受了TCO的检查。
■在总共419名精神分裂症谱系障碍的法医患者中，78人被杀（18.6%）。患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的法医杀人犯的特征是男性，失业,单身，犯了(企图)过失杀人罪。不考虑使用的定义，整个TCO复合物存在于不到三分之一的样品中。在这两个定义中，威胁症状的频率略低于Control-Override症状。而Stompe等人的威胁症状发生频率较低。\的定义，控制-克服症状是最常见的。关于Kröber对威胁和控制覆盖的定义，情况恰恰相反。
■关于整个TCO综合体，Kröber的定义似乎更加开放，Stompe等人。更严格(38.5%vs.35.9%）。由于TCO只发生在两个定义中大约三分之一的主题中，这两个定义似乎都不是决定性的。两种定义的比例组合可能有助于未来的TCO定义。本研究提供了几乎没有发表的有关精神分裂症谱系障碍的杀人犯的精神病理学的主要数据。特别是关于两个定义中讨论很多的TCO概念。为了确定最有用的TCO定义，为了避免假阳性，并确定明确的精神病理学风险症状，将来应该对罪犯和非罪犯进行更大的样本和比较研究。
■这是基于文件的子分析，回顾性和探索性横断面研究。根据两个常用的定义，截至2014年12月31日在柏林法医医院拘留的所有精神分裂症谱系障碍的法医杀人犯都接受了TCO的检查。
■在总共419名精神分裂症谱系障碍的法医患者中，78人被杀（18.6%）。患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的法医杀人犯的特征是男性，失业,单身，犯了(企图)过失杀人罪。不考虑使用的定义，整个TCO复合物存在于不到三分之一的样品中。在这两个定义中，威胁症状的频率略低于Control-Override症状。而Stompe等人的威胁症状发生频率较低。\的定义，控制-克服症状是最常见的。关于Kröber对威胁和控制覆盖的定义，情况恰恰相反。
■关于整个TCO综合体，Kröber的定义似乎更加开放，Stompe等人。更严格(38.5%vs.35.9%）。由于TCO只发生在两个定义中大约三分之一的主题中，这两个定义似乎都不是决定性的。两种定义的比例组合可能有助于未来的TCO定义。本研究提供了几乎没有发表的有关精神分裂症谱系障碍的杀人犯的精神病理学的主要数据。特别是关于两个定义中讨论很多的TCO概念。为了确定最有用的TCO定义，为了避免假阳性，并确定明确的精神病理学风险症状，将来应该对罪犯和非罪犯进行更大的样本和比较研究。
