PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Understanding the mechanisms that underlie plant invasions is critical for management and conservation of biodiversity. At the same time, invasive species also provide a unique opportunity to study rapid adaptation to complex environmental conditions. Using four replicate reciprocal transplant experiments across three habitats, we described patterns of phenotypic response and assessed the degree of local adaptation in knotweed populations. We found plants from beach habitats were generally smaller than plants from marsh and roadside habitats when grown in their home habitat. In the marsh habitat, marsh plants were generally larger than beach plants, but not different from roadside plants. There were no differences among plants grown in the roadside habitat. We found mixed evidence for local adaptation: plants from the marsh habitat had greater biomass in their \"home\" sites, while plants from beaches and roadsides had greater survival in their \"home\" sites compared to other plants. In sum, we found phenotypic differentiation and some support for the hypothesis of rapid local adaptation of plants from beach, marsh and roadside habitats. Identifying whether these patterns of differentiation result from genetic or heritable non-genetic mechanisms will require further work.
摘要：
了解植物入侵的机制对于生物多样性的管理和保护至关重要。同时,入侵物种也为研究快速适应复杂环境条件提供了独特的机会。在三个栖息地进行了四次重复互惠移植实验，我们描述了表型反应的模式，并评估了虎杖种群的局部适应程度。我们发现，在自己的栖息地生长时，来自海滩栖息地的植物通常比沼泽和路边栖息地的植物小。在沼泽栖息地，沼泽植物通常比海滩植物大，但与路边植物没有什么不同。在路边栖息地生长的植物之间没有差异。我们发现了当地适应的混合证据：沼泽栖息地的植物在其“家园”地点的生物量更大，而与其他植物相比，来自海滩和路边的植物在其“家园”地点的存活率更高。总之,我们发现了表型分化和一些支持海滩植物快速局部适应的假设，沼泽和路边的栖息地。确定这些分化模式是由遗传还是可遗传的非遗传机制导致的，将需要进一步的工作。
