Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Sugary drinks such as Coca-Cola may expedite dental caries. For this reason, sugar-free drinks like Coca-Cola Zero Sugar (CZ) may be considered advantageous. This research aims to evaluate in vitro the CZ effect in the presence of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm on enamel demineralization.
METHODS: Ninety-six human enamel slabs (4 × 4 mm) were used. S. mutans UA-159 72-hour biofilm was created over enamel surfaces. The specimens were soaked in CZ, HCl, or 10% sucrose in PBS solution, 3 times a day for 15 minutes over the course of 4 days. Viable counts (CFU/mL) and biofilm biomass (Crystal Violet staining) were evaluated. pH was measured after each exposure. After 4 days, Demineralization was evaluated clinically and by Vickers microhardness tests. Slabs were photographed using a stereomicroscope before and after exposure to caries-promoting conditions.
RESULTS: Slabs that were soaked in CZ showed an increase in viable counts compared to control and almost similar counts with 10% sucrose in PBS solution exposures (1010and109CFUmL, respectivly). Biofilm biomass tests showed a 25% higher bacterial growth in the CZ group. CZ pH measures were the lowest and the only group to show a decrease in pH over time (pH ∼3). Enamel slabs that were evaluated clinically in the stereomicroscope postexposures had a chalky and matt appearance as opposed to their shiny appearance in the baseline evaluation.
CONCLUSIONS: CZ creates a favourable environment for the growth of S. mutans. It may be suggested that even though CZ is sugar free it has a cariogenic effect on enamel.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians need to educate patients that sugar-free carbonated drinks may be just as harmful as regular carbonated drinks, and hence avoided. This research emphasizes the harmful effect sugar-free carbonated drinks on teeth and sheds new light on their cariogenic potential.
METHODS: Ninety-six human enamel slabs (4 × 4 mm) were used. S. mutans UA-159 72-hour biofilm was created over enamel surfaces. The specimens were soaked in CZ, HCl, or 10% sucrose in PBS solution, 3 times a day for 15 minutes over the course of 4 days. Viable counts (CFU/mL) and biofilm biomass (Crystal Violet staining) were evaluated. pH was measured after each exposure. After 4 days, Demineralization was evaluated clinically and by Vickers microhardness tests. Slabs were photographed using a stereomicroscope before and after exposure to caries-promoting conditions.
RESULTS: Slabs that were soaked in CZ showed an increase in viable counts compared to control and almost similar counts with 10% sucrose in PBS solution exposures (1010and109CFUmL, respectivly). Biofilm biomass tests showed a 25% higher bacterial growth in the CZ group. CZ pH measures were the lowest and the only group to show a decrease in pH over time (pH ∼3). Enamel slabs that were evaluated clinically in the stereomicroscope postexposures had a chalky and matt appearance as opposed to their shiny appearance in the baseline evaluation.
CONCLUSIONS: CZ creates a favourable environment for the growth of S. mutans. It may be suggested that even though CZ is sugar free it has a cariogenic effect on enamel.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians need to educate patients that sugar-free carbonated drinks may be just as harmful as regular carbonated drinks, and hence avoided. This research emphasizes the harmful effect sugar-free carbonated drinks on teeth and sheds new light on their cariogenic potential.
摘要：
目的：含糖饮料如可口可乐可能加速龋齿。出于这个原因,像可口可乐零糖（CZ）这样的无糖饮料可能被认为是有利的。这项研究旨在评估在变异链球菌存在下的体外CZ效应(S.变形）牙釉质脱矿上的生物膜。
方法:使用96个人牙釉质板(4×4mm)。在釉质表面上产生S.mutansUA-15972小时生物膜。将标本浸泡在CZ中,HCl,或PBS溶液中的10％蔗糖，每天3次，共15分钟，疗程4天。评估活细胞计数(CFU/mL)和生物膜生物量(结晶紫染色)。在每次暴露后测量pH。4天后,临床和通过维氏显微硬度测试评估了脱矿质。在暴露于龋齿促进条件之前和之后，使用立体显微镜对平板进行拍照。
结果：与对照相比，浸泡在CZ中的平板显示出活菌计数增加，并且在PBS溶液中暴露于10％蔗糖时的计数几乎相似（1010和109CFUmL，恭敬地）。生物膜生物量测试显示CZ组中的细菌生长提高了25%。CZpH测量值最低，也是唯一显示pH随时间下降的组(pH~3)。在立体显微镜暴露后进行临床评估的牙釉质板具有白垩和无光泽的外观，而不是在基线评估中的光泽外观。
结论：CZ为变形链球菌的生长创造了有利的环境。可能表明，即使CZ不含糖，它也对牙釉质具有致龋作用。
结论：临床医生需要教育患者，无糖碳酸饮料可能与普通碳酸饮料一样有害，因此避免了。这项研究强调了无糖碳酸饮料对牙齿的有害影响，并揭示了它们的致龋潜力。
方法:使用96个人牙釉质板(4×4mm)。在釉质表面上产生S.mutansUA-15972小时生物膜。将标本浸泡在CZ中,HCl,或PBS溶液中的10％蔗糖，每天3次，共15分钟，疗程4天。评估活细胞计数(CFU/mL)和生物膜生物量(结晶紫染色)。在每次暴露后测量pH。4天后,临床和通过维氏显微硬度测试评估了脱矿质。在暴露于龋齿促进条件之前和之后，使用立体显微镜对平板进行拍照。
结果：与对照相比，浸泡在CZ中的平板显示出活菌计数增加，并且在PBS溶液中暴露于10％蔗糖时的计数几乎相似（1010和109CFUmL，恭敬地）。生物膜生物量测试显示CZ组中的细菌生长提高了25%。CZpH测量值最低，也是唯一显示pH随时间下降的组(pH~3)。在立体显微镜暴露后进行临床评估的牙釉质板具有白垩和无光泽的外观，而不是在基线评估中的光泽外观。
结论：CZ为变形链球菌的生长创造了有利的环境。可能表明，即使CZ不含糖，它也对牙釉质具有致龋作用。
结论：临床医生需要教育患者，无糖碳酸饮料可能与普通碳酸饮料一样有害，因此避免了。这项研究强调了无糖碳酸饮料对牙齿的有害影响，并揭示了它们的致龋潜力。
