PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Public health guidance recommended that children who are 6 months or older be vaccinated against COVID-19 in June of 2022. In the U.S., 56% of children under 17 had not received the COVID-19 vaccination in 2023. We examine parents\' willingness to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 using the theory of planned behavior in order to design effective strategies to promote vaccine uptake.
METHODS: The Philadelphia Community Engagement Alliance is part of an NIH community-engaged consortium focused on addressing COVID-19 disparities across the U.S. We surveyed 1,008 Philadelphia parents (mean age 36.86, SD 6.55; 42.3% racial/ethnic minorities) between September 2021 and February 2022, a period when guidance for child vaccination was anticipated. Structural Equation Modeling analysis examined associations between parental willingness and vaccine-related attitudes, norms, and perceived control. Covariates included parents\' COVID-19 vaccination status, race/ethnicity, gender, and survey completion post-CDC pediatric COVID-19 vaccination guidelines. Subgroup analyses by race/ethnicity and gender were conducted.
RESULTS: Our model demonstrated good fit (χ2 = 907.37, df = 419, p<0.001; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.951; non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.946; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.034 with 95% CI = 0.030-0.038). Attitudes ([Formula: see text] = 0.447, p<0.001) and subjective norms ([Formula: see text] = 0.309, p = 0.002) were predictors of intention. Racial/ethnic minority parents exhibited weaker vaccination intentions ([Formula: see text] = -0.053, p = 0.028) than non-Hispanic White parents.
CONCLUSIONS: Parents\' attitudes and norms influence their vaccination intentions. Despite the survey predating widespread child vaccine availability, findings are pertinent given the need to increase and sustain pediatric vaccinations against COVID-19. Interventions promoting positive vaccine attitudes and prosocial norms are warranted. Tailored interventions and diverse communication strategies for parental subgroups may be useful to ensure comprehensive and effective vaccination initiatives.
METHODS: The Philadelphia Community Engagement Alliance is part of an NIH community-engaged consortium focused on addressing COVID-19 disparities across the U.S. We surveyed 1,008 Philadelphia parents (mean age 36.86, SD 6.55; 42.3% racial/ethnic minorities) between September 2021 and February 2022, a period when guidance for child vaccination was anticipated. Structural Equation Modeling analysis examined associations between parental willingness and vaccine-related attitudes, norms, and perceived control. Covariates included parents\' COVID-19 vaccination status, race/ethnicity, gender, and survey completion post-CDC pediatric COVID-19 vaccination guidelines. Subgroup analyses by race/ethnicity and gender were conducted.
RESULTS: Our model demonstrated good fit (χ2 = 907.37, df = 419, p<0.001; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.951; non-normed fit index [NNFI] = 0.946; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.034 with 95% CI = 0.030-0.038). Attitudes ([Formula: see text] = 0.447, p<0.001) and subjective norms ([Formula: see text] = 0.309, p = 0.002) were predictors of intention. Racial/ethnic minority parents exhibited weaker vaccination intentions ([Formula: see text] = -0.053, p = 0.028) than non-Hispanic White parents.
CONCLUSIONS: Parents\' attitudes and norms influence their vaccination intentions. Despite the survey predating widespread child vaccine availability, findings are pertinent given the need to increase and sustain pediatric vaccinations against COVID-19. Interventions promoting positive vaccine attitudes and prosocial norms are warranted. Tailored interventions and diverse communication strategies for parental subgroups may be useful to ensure comprehensive and effective vaccination initiatives.
摘要：
背景：公共卫生指南建议6个月或以上的儿童在2022年6月接种COVID-19疫苗。在美国,2023年，56%的17岁以下儿童没有接种过COVID-19疫苗。我们使用计划行为理论研究了父母为孩子接种COVID-19疫苗的意愿，以设计有效的策略来促进疫苗的吸收。
方法：费城社区参与联盟是NIH社区参与联盟的一部分，该联盟致力于解决美国各地的COVID-19差异我们在2021年9月至2022年2月期间调查了1,008名费城父母（平均年龄36.86，SD6.55;42.3％的种族/族裔少数群体），这是预计儿童疫苗接种指导的时期。结构方程建模分析了父母意愿和疫苗相关态度之间的关联，规范,和感知控制。协变量包括父母的COVID-19疫苗接种状况，种族/民族,性别,和调查完成后CDC儿科COVID-19疫苗接种指南。按种族/民族和性别进行亚组分析。
结果：我们的模型表现出良好的拟合（χ2=907.37，df=419，p<0.001；比较拟合指数[CFI]=0.951；非归一化拟合指数[NNFI]=0.946；近似均方根误差[RMSEA]=0.034，95%CI=0.030-0.038）。态度（[公式：见正文]=0.447，p<0.001）和主观规范（[公式：见正文]=0.309，p=0.002）是意图的预测因子。与非西班牙裔白人父母相比，种族/少数民族父母的疫苗接种意愿较弱（[公式：见文字]=-0.053，p=0.028）。
结论：父母的态度和规范影响他们的疫苗接种意向。尽管这项调查早于儿童疫苗的普及，鉴于需要增加和维持儿童针对COVID-19的疫苗接种，这些发现是相关的。有必要采取干预措施，促进积极的疫苗态度和亲社会规范。针对父母亚组的量身定制的干预措施和不同的沟通策略可能有助于确保全面有效的疫苗接种计划。
方法：费城社区参与联盟是NIH社区参与联盟的一部分，该联盟致力于解决美国各地的COVID-19差异我们在2021年9月至2022年2月期间调查了1,008名费城父母（平均年龄36.86，SD6.55;42.3％的种族/族裔少数群体），这是预计儿童疫苗接种指导的时期。结构方程建模分析了父母意愿和疫苗相关态度之间的关联，规范,和感知控制。协变量包括父母的COVID-19疫苗接种状况，种族/民族,性别,和调查完成后CDC儿科COVID-19疫苗接种指南。按种族/民族和性别进行亚组分析。
结果：我们的模型表现出良好的拟合（χ2=907.37，df=419，p<0.001；比较拟合指数[CFI]=0.951；非归一化拟合指数[NNFI]=0.946；近似均方根误差[RMSEA]=0.034，95%CI=0.030-0.038）。态度（[公式：见正文]=0.447，p<0.001）和主观规范（[公式：见正文]=0.309，p=0.002）是意图的预测因子。与非西班牙裔白人父母相比，种族/少数民族父母的疫苗接种意愿较弱（[公式：见文字]=-0.053，p=0.028）。
结论：父母的态度和规范影响他们的疫苗接种意向。尽管这项调查早于儿童疫苗的普及，鉴于需要增加和维持儿童针对COVID-19的疫苗接种，这些发现是相关的。有必要采取干预措施，促进积极的疫苗态度和亲社会规范。针对父母亚组的量身定制的干预措施和不同的沟通策略可能有助于确保全面有效的疫苗接种计划。
