UNASSIGNED: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2019 and November 2021 at our Pediatric Endocrine Clinic. Women were diagnosed as having GDM based on the American Diabetes Association Criteria (2019). History regarding the treatment of the GDM (diet only/diet and medical treatment) and detailed physical examination, including anthropometry and blood pressure, were recorded. Blood samples were collected from children for the estimation of their metabolic profile.
UNASSIGNED: Overweight, obesity, and severe obesity were present in 18 (11.3%), 2 (1.3%), and 2 (1.3%) children, respectively. Hypertension was found in 21 (19.4%) children. Elevated LDL, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were seen in 3 (1.9%), 84 (52.5%), and 1 (0.6%) children, respectively. Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was found in 6 (3.8%) children, while 27 (16.9%) subjects were found to be having impaired glucose tolerance after OGTT. Insulin resistance was found in 30 (18.8%) children. GDM mothers with a higher BMI tended to have children with a higher BMI (correlation coefficient, r = .414, P < .001). Higher serum triglyceride levels (r = -0.034, P = 0.672) were recorded in children, irrespective of the BMI of their mothers. There was no significant correlation of maternal BMI with blood pressure (r = -0.134, P = 0.091) or with HOMA-IR (r = 0.00, P = 0.996) in children. However, mothers with a higher BMI had children with statistically higher fasting blood glucose (r = +0.339, P = <0.001) as well as blood glucose 2 hours after OGTT (r = +0.297, P = <0.001). This positive correlation of maternal BMI with the glucose metabolism of their offspring was observed for both male and female genders.
UNASSIGNED: Children of women with GDM had a higher BMI, and the mode of treatment for GDM did not lead to differences in childhood BMI. The higher BMI of a GDM mother is associated with altered glucose metabolism in their offspring. Deranged levels of triglyceride across the gender were not found to be statistically significant. This has implications for future metabolic and cardiovascular risks in targeting this group for intervention studies to prevent obesity and disorders of glucose metabolism as one potential strategy to prevent adverse metabolic health outcomes.
■这项基于医院的横断面研究于2019年11月至2021年11月在我们的儿科内分泌诊所进行。根据美国糖尿病协会标准(2019年),女性被诊断为患有GDM。关于GDM治疗的历史(仅饮食/饮食和医疗)和详细的体格检查,包括人体测量和血压,被记录下来。从儿童收集血样以估计其代谢谱。
■超重,肥胖,18例(11.3%)出现严重肥胖,2(1.3%),和2名(1.3%)儿童,分别。在21名(19.4%)儿童中发现了高血压。LDL升高,甘油三酯,总胆固醇见于3例(1.9%),84(52.5%),和1名(0.6%)儿童,分别。6名(3.8%)儿童发现空腹血糖(IFG)受损,而27名(16.9%)受试者在OGTT后发现糖耐量受损。30例(18.8%)儿童出现胰岛素抵抗。BMI较高的GDM母亲往往有BMI较高的孩子(相关系数,r=.414,P<.001)。儿童血清甘油三酯水平较高(r=-0.034,P=0.672),无论母亲的BMI如何。孕妇BMI与儿童血压(r=-0.134,P=0.091)或HOMA-IR(r=0.00,P=0.996)无明显相关性。然而,BMI较高的母亲的儿童空腹血糖(r=+0.339,P=<0.001)和OGTT后2小时血糖(r=+0.297,P=<0.001)均较高.男性和女性均观察到母亲BMI与其后代的葡萄糖代谢呈正相关。
■患有GDM的女性的孩子有更高的BMI,GDM的治疗模式并未导致儿童BMI的差异。GDM母亲的较高BMI与后代的葡萄糖代谢改变有关。不同性别的甘油三酯水平没有统计学意义。这对未来的代谢和心血管风险具有影响,可以针对该人群进行干预研究,以预防肥胖和葡萄糖代谢紊乱,作为预防不良代谢健康结果的潜在策略。