PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
There is a surge in the skincare industry marketing the use of natural ingredients as efficacious agents. Although this has been popular in the Eastern hemisphere for a while, Western countries are starting to put more emphasis on naturally derived products. This paper chose to analyze the current research available on tallow, which is a solid fat derived from animals. Tallow has long been used as a neutral cooking fat, ingredient in soaps, biofuel product, and now ingredient in skincare products. The purpose of this scoping review was to look at the current research pertaining to the therapeutic benefits of tallow on the skin. Using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, a scoping review was conducted using two databases: EMBASE and PubMed as sources of evidence. The searches for studies were conducted using the following key terms: (tallow) AND (skin or dermatology or dermatitis or emulsion or cosmetics or eczema). Papers were excluded if they were not in English, if they did not mention the effects of tallow on the skin, and if they did not use tallow rendered from an animal. Date ranges and geographical locations for articles were not part of our inclusion or exclusion criteria. We focused on the following five research questions: Does the composition of tallow make it better suitable for use on skin? What is the benefit of using tallow on skin? Does tallow have therapeutic properties for skin conditions? What side effects does tallow have on the skin? Is tallow reef-safe? While there is much evidence supporting the use of tallow as an ingredient in animal feed, cooking, soaps, and biofuels, there are significant research gaps in how it can be used on human skin. Our search on PubMed and EMBASE resulted in a total of 147 studies being screened with 19 fitting our specific criteria. Of the 19 studies, there were comparative studies, basic science studies, and animal studies. After reviewing the studies to answer the objectives in this paper, we were able to find information that supported the first three objectives; however, more research is still needed. Specifically, more research is needed that is geared towards tallow as a cosmetic product in humans. The fourth objective, which was to answer the side effects of topical tallow, had the most discrepancies between the sources. The fifth objective also found supporting information; however, only two sources were found. Overall, there needs to be more research with controlled variables on the side effects of topical tallow. Different research designs that could be explored include case studies, randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional studies, and qualitative studies.
摘要：
在护肤行业中,销售使用天然成分作为有效试剂的激增。尽管这在东半球已经流行了一段时间，西方国家开始更加重视自然衍生产品。本文选择分析目前对牛脂的研究，这是一种来源于动物的固体脂肪。牛脂长期以来一直被用作中性烹饪脂肪，肥皂中的成分，生物燃料产品，现在是护肤品的成分。这项范围审查的目的是研究有关牛脂在皮肤上的治疗益处的当前研究。使用PRISMA扩展范围审查(PRISMA-ScR)指南，使用EMBASE和PubMed两个数据库作为证据来源进行范围审查.使用以下关键术语进行研究的搜索：（牛脂）AND（皮肤或皮肤病学或皮炎或乳液或化妆品或湿疹）。如果论文不是英文的，就被排除在外，如果他们没有提到牛脂对皮肤的影响，如果他们没有使用动物的牛脂。文章的日期范围和地理位置不是我们纳入或排除标准的一部分。我们专注于以下五个研究问题：牛脂的成分是否使其更适合在皮肤上使用？在皮肤上使用牛脂有什么好处？牛脂对皮肤有治疗作用吗？牛脂对皮肤有什么副作用？牛脂是否安全？虽然有很多证据支持将牛脂用作动物饲料中的成分，烹饪,肥皂,和生物燃料，在如何将其用于人体皮肤方面存在重大研究空白。我们在PubMed和EMBASE上的搜索导致总共147项研究被筛选，其中19项符合我们的特定标准。在19项研究中，有比较研究，基础科学研究,和动物研究。在回顾了回答本文目标的研究之后，我们能够找到支持前三个目标的信息；然而，仍然需要更多的研究。具体来说,需要进行更多的研究，以将牛脂作为人类的化妆品。第四个目标,这是为了解决局部用牛脂的副作用，来源之间的差异最大。第五个目标也找到了支持信息；然而，只有两个来源被发现。总的来说,需要对外用动物脂的副作用进行更多的控制变量研究。可以探索的不同研究设计包括案例研究，随机对照试验，横断面研究，和定性研究。
