PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Nervous systems of bilaterian animals generally consist of two cell types: neurons and glial cells. Despite accumulating data about the many important functions glial cells serve in bilaterian nervous systems, the evolutionary origin of this abundant cell type remains unclear. Current hypotheses regarding glial evolution are mostly based on data from model bilaterians. Non-bilaterian animals have been largely overlooked in glial studies and have been subjected only to morphological analysis. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of conservation of the bilateral gliogenic genetic repertoire of non-bilaterian phyla (Cnidaria, Placozoa, Ctenophora, and Porifera). We overview molecular and functional features of bilaterian glial cell types and discuss their possible evolutionary history. We then examine which glial features are present in non-bilaterians. Of these, cnidarians show the highest degree of gliogenic program conservation and may therefore be crucial to answer questions about glial evolution.
摘要：
双侧动物的神经系统通常由两种细胞类型组成:神经元和神经胶质细胞。尽管积累了有关神经胶质细胞在双边神经系统中具有许多重要功能的数据，这种丰富的细胞类型的进化起源仍不清楚。当前有关神经胶质进化的假设主要基于模型双边的数据。在神经胶质研究中，非双边动物在很大程度上被忽视了，并且仅进行了形态学分析。这里,我们提供了非双侧叶中双侧胶质细胞遗传库的保护的全面概述（Cnidaria，胎盘动物,黄蜂,和Porifera）。我们概述了双边胶质细胞类型的分子和功能特征，并讨论了它们可能的进化史。然后，我们检查非双边神经胶质中存在哪些神经胶质特征。其中,cnidarians显示出最高程度的胶质细胞生成程序保守性，因此可能对回答有关胶质细胞进化的问题至关重要。
