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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: In recent years cognitive frailty has emerged as an important predictor of adverse health outcomes in older adults. Herein, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive frailty in a population of community-dwelling older adults in Iran.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the second cycle of the Amirkola Health and Aging Project (AHAP). Physical frailty and cognitive impairment were evaluated using the FRAIL questionnaire and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) respectively. Cognitive frailty was defined as co-existence of frailty and cognitive impairment without presence of dementia. Depression and disability were assessed using the Persian version of geriatric depression scale (GDS) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) questionnaire.
RESULTS: Overall 1775 individuals (47.1% female) with mean age of 69.7 ± 7.3 years were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of cognitive frailty was 12.0%. The prevalence of cognitive frailty among males and females was 4.3% and 20.7%, respectively. After adjusting for all possible confounders through binary logistic regression analysis, factors such as older age (OR 1.06, CI 1.03-1.09), female gender (OR 2.25, CI 1.42-3.57), illiteracy (OR 3.84, CI 2.03-8.29), more comorbidities (OR 1.21, CI 1.12-1.31), depression (OR 2.01, CI 1.40-2.86), and greater IADL disability (OR 1.68, CI 1.44-3.96), were independently and significantly associated with cognitive frailty.
CONCLUSIONS: In this population of Iranian older adults, prevalence of cognitive frailty was consistent with its estimated mean global prevalence. Age, gender, illiteracy, comorbidities, depression and IADL disability were associated with cognitive frailty. Further research is required to develop screening tools and prevention strategies.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the second cycle of the Amirkola Health and Aging Project (AHAP). Physical frailty and cognitive impairment were evaluated using the FRAIL questionnaire and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) respectively. Cognitive frailty was defined as co-existence of frailty and cognitive impairment without presence of dementia. Depression and disability were assessed using the Persian version of geriatric depression scale (GDS) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) questionnaire.
RESULTS: Overall 1775 individuals (47.1% female) with mean age of 69.7 ± 7.3 years were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of cognitive frailty was 12.0%. The prevalence of cognitive frailty among males and females was 4.3% and 20.7%, respectively. After adjusting for all possible confounders through binary logistic regression analysis, factors such as older age (OR 1.06, CI 1.03-1.09), female gender (OR 2.25, CI 1.42-3.57), illiteracy (OR 3.84, CI 2.03-8.29), more comorbidities (OR 1.21, CI 1.12-1.31), depression (OR 2.01, CI 1.40-2.86), and greater IADL disability (OR 1.68, CI 1.44-3.96), were independently and significantly associated with cognitive frailty.
CONCLUSIONS: In this population of Iranian older adults, prevalence of cognitive frailty was consistent with its estimated mean global prevalence. Age, gender, illiteracy, comorbidities, depression and IADL disability were associated with cognitive frailty. Further research is required to develop screening tools and prevention strategies.
摘要：
背景：近年来，认知虚弱已成为老年人不良健康结局的重要预测指标。在这里，我们的目的是调查伊朗社区居住的老年人群认知虚弱的患病率和相关因素.
方法：这项横断面研究是作为Amirkola健康与衰老项目（AHAP）第二周期的一部分进行的。分别使用FRAIL问卷和小型精神状态检查（MMSE）评估身体虚弱和认知障碍。认知衰弱被定义为衰弱和认知障碍共存而不存在痴呆。使用波斯版的老年抑郁量表（GDS）和工具日常生活活动（IADL）问卷评估抑郁和残疾。
结果：最终分析包括1775名个体（47.1％为女性），平均年龄为69.7±7.3岁。认知虚弱的患病率为12.0%。男性和女性的认知脆弱患病率分别为4.3%和20.7%,分别。在通过二元逻辑回归分析调整所有可能的混杂因素后，年龄等因素(OR1.06，CI1.03-1.09)，女性（OR2.25，CI1.42-3.57），文盲（OR3.84，CI2.03-8.29），更多合并症（OR1.21，CI1.12-1.31），抑郁症（OR2.01，CI1.40-2.86），和更大的IADL残疾(OR1.68，CI1.44-3.96)，与认知虚弱独立且显著相关。
结论：在伊朗老年人群中，认知虚弱的患病率与其估计的全球平均患病率一致.年龄,性别,文盲,合并症,抑郁和IADL障碍与认知虚弱相关。需要进一步研究以开发筛查工具和预防策略。
方法：这项横断面研究是作为Amirkola健康与衰老项目（AHAP）第二周期的一部分进行的。分别使用FRAIL问卷和小型精神状态检查（MMSE）评估身体虚弱和认知障碍。认知衰弱被定义为衰弱和认知障碍共存而不存在痴呆。使用波斯版的老年抑郁量表（GDS）和工具日常生活活动（IADL）问卷评估抑郁和残疾。
结果：最终分析包括1775名个体（47.1％为女性），平均年龄为69.7±7.3岁。认知虚弱的患病率为12.0%。男性和女性的认知脆弱患病率分别为4.3%和20.7%,分别。在通过二元逻辑回归分析调整所有可能的混杂因素后，年龄等因素(OR1.06，CI1.03-1.09)，女性（OR2.25，CI1.42-3.57），文盲（OR3.84，CI2.03-8.29），更多合并症（OR1.21，CI1.12-1.31），抑郁症（OR2.01，CI1.40-2.86），和更大的IADL残疾(OR1.68，CI1.44-3.96)，与认知虚弱独立且显著相关。
结论：在伊朗老年人群中，认知虚弱的患病率与其估计的全球平均患病率一致.年龄,性别,文盲,合并症,抑郁和IADL障碍与认知虚弱相关。需要进一步研究以开发筛查工具和预防策略。
