Abstract：
Treatment of children with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) having a hypoplastic mandible and upper airway distress after birth may consist of external distraction devices. Shape anomalies of the permanent molars and positional changes due to surgery have been documented. The aim of this study is to compare the long-term effects (>5 years) on the growth pattern of PRS-patients treated with an external mandibular distraction device with no-surgery cases and to investigate the dental development or damage. A retrospective cohort study was performed. PRS-patients with and without surgery were included. A digital cephalometric analysis was made to evaluate the growth pattern of the mandible between groups as well as with normal values. Nine of 19 patients underwent an external mandibular distraction. All children were extubated after 4-5 days with no signs of respiratory distress. Screw and device loosening presented in one patient. The articular and sellar angles were significantly larger and smaller, respectively, in the Surgery group. Mandibular distraction surgery might result in a \'growth boost\' compared to the No-surgery group. No significant difference in dental development was found. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis is an effective way of relieving severe upper airway obstruction.
摘要：
出生后患有下颌骨发育不良和上呼吸道窘迫的PierreRobin序列（PRS）儿童的治疗可能包括外部牵引装置。已记录了永久性磨牙的形状异常和由于手术引起的位置变化。这项研究的目的是比较长期影响（>5年）对PRS患者的生长模式与无手术病例的外部下颌牵引装置治疗，并调查牙齿发育或损伤。进行了一项回顾性队列研究。包括有和没有手术的PRS患者。进行了数字头影测量分析，以评估组间下颌骨的生长方式以及正常值。19例患者中有9例接受了下颌骨外部牵引。所有儿童在4-5天后拔管，没有呼吸窘迫的迹象。一名患者出现螺钉和装置松动。关节角和鞍角明显较大和较小，分别,在手术组。与无手术组相比，下颌牵张手术可能会导致“生长促进”。没有发现牙齿发育的显着差异。下颌牵张成骨是缓解严重上呼吸道阻塞的有效方法。
