PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Job burnout is a prevalent and emerging challenge in the primary medical system, causing mass turnover, especially of primary medical staff. Little attention has been paid to the different dimensions of job burnout (emotional exhaustion, personality disintegration, and reduced sense of achievement), which may hinder efforts to tackle high turnover intention among primary medical staff. From the perspective of conservation of resources theory, social support and psychological capital are basic resources with potential to diminish job burnout and thus lower turnover intention. However, there is insufficient research evidence on the relationships between social support, psychological capital, and the three dimensions of job burnout within the primary medical system.
OBJECTIVE: Focusing on primary medical staff, this study conducts a path analysis to examine the correlations between two types of resources (social support and psychological capital) and the three dimensions of job burnout, and to test the impact of the latter on turnover intention. Based on the results, effective management strategies to improve the work stability of primary medical staff are proposed.
METHODS: Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to select participants in Anhui Province, China. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire containing measures of the main variables and demographic questions. In total, 1132 valid questionnaires were returned by primary medical staff. Structural equation modeling was used for path analysis of the data.
RESULTS: Social support was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion (β = - 0.088, P = 0.020), personality disintegration (β = - 0.235, P < 0.001), and reduced sense of achievement (β = - 0.075, P = 0.040). Moreover, psychological capital was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion (β = - 0.079, P = 0.030), personality disintegration (β = - 0.156, P < 0.001), and reduced sense of achievement (β = - 0.432, P < 0.001). All three dimensions of job burnout positively affected turnover intention (emotional exhaustion: β = 0.246, P < 0.001; personality disintegration: β = 0.076, P = 0.040; reduced sense of achievement: β = 0.119, P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of social support and psychological capital for diminishing the three dimensions of job burnout for primary medical staff and, in turn, lowering their turnover intention. Accordingly, to alleviate job burnout and improve staff retention, material and psychological supports from leaders, colleagues, family, relatives, and friends are essential, as are measures to improve the psychological energy of primary medical staff.
OBJECTIVE: Focusing on primary medical staff, this study conducts a path analysis to examine the correlations between two types of resources (social support and psychological capital) and the three dimensions of job burnout, and to test the impact of the latter on turnover intention. Based on the results, effective management strategies to improve the work stability of primary medical staff are proposed.
METHODS: Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to select participants in Anhui Province, China. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire containing measures of the main variables and demographic questions. In total, 1132 valid questionnaires were returned by primary medical staff. Structural equation modeling was used for path analysis of the data.
RESULTS: Social support was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion (β = - 0.088, P = 0.020), personality disintegration (β = - 0.235, P < 0.001), and reduced sense of achievement (β = - 0.075, P = 0.040). Moreover, psychological capital was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion (β = - 0.079, P = 0.030), personality disintegration (β = - 0.156, P < 0.001), and reduced sense of achievement (β = - 0.432, P < 0.001). All three dimensions of job burnout positively affected turnover intention (emotional exhaustion: β = 0.246, P < 0.001; personality disintegration: β = 0.076, P = 0.040; reduced sense of achievement: β = 0.119, P = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of social support and psychological capital for diminishing the three dimensions of job burnout for primary medical staff and, in turn, lowering their turnover intention. Accordingly, to alleviate job burnout and improve staff retention, material and psychological supports from leaders, colleagues, family, relatives, and friends are essential, as are measures to improve the psychological energy of primary medical staff.
摘要：
背景：工作倦怠是初级医疗系统中普遍存在的新兴挑战，导致大量周转，尤其是基层医务人员。很少关注工作倦怠的不同维度(情绪衰竭，人格解体，和成就感降低)，这可能会阻碍解决基层医务人员高离职倾向的努力。从节约资源理论的角度来看,社会支持和心理资本是基本资源，有可能减少工作倦怠，从而降低离职倾向。然而,关于社会支持之间的关系的研究证据不足，心理资本,以及基层医疗系统内职业倦怠的三个维度。
目标：关注基层医务人员，本研究进行路径分析,考察两类资源(社会支持和心理资本)与职业倦怠三个维度的相关性,并检验后者对离职意愿的影响。根据结果,提出了提高基层医务人员工作稳定性的有效管理策略。
方法：采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法选择安徽省的参与者，中国。使用自我管理的问卷收集数据，其中包含主要变量和人口统计问题的度量。总的来说,基层医务人员退回有效问卷1132份。结构方程模型用于数据的路径分析。
结果：社会支持与情绪衰竭呈负相关（β=-0.088，P=0.020），人格解体（β=-0.235，P<0.001），成就感降低(β=-0.075,P=0.040)。此外，心理资本与情绪耗竭呈负相关(β=-0.079,P=0.030),人格解体（β=-0.156，P<0.001），成就感降低(β=-0.432,P<0.001)。职业倦怠的三个维度均对离职倾向有显著影响(情绪耗竭:β=0.246,P<0.001;人格解体:β=0.076,P=0.040;成就感降低:β=0.119,P=0.001)。
结论：结果强调了社会支持和心理资本对于减少基层医务人员职业倦怠的三个维度的重要性，反过来,降低他们的离职意向。因此，为了减轻工作倦怠，提高员工留任率，领导者的物质和心理支持，同事们,家庭,亲戚,和朋友是必不可少的，提高基层医务人员心理能量的措施。
目标：关注基层医务人员，本研究进行路径分析,考察两类资源(社会支持和心理资本)与职业倦怠三个维度的相关性,并检验后者对离职意愿的影响。根据结果,提出了提高基层医务人员工作稳定性的有效管理策略。
方法：采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法选择安徽省的参与者，中国。使用自我管理的问卷收集数据，其中包含主要变量和人口统计问题的度量。总的来说,基层医务人员退回有效问卷1132份。结构方程模型用于数据的路径分析。
结果：社会支持与情绪衰竭呈负相关（β=-0.088，P=0.020），人格解体（β=-0.235，P<0.001），成就感降低(β=-0.075,P=0.040)。此外，心理资本与情绪耗竭呈负相关(β=-0.079,P=0.030),人格解体（β=-0.156，P<0.001），成就感降低(β=-0.432,P<0.001)。职业倦怠的三个维度均对离职倾向有显著影响(情绪耗竭:β=0.246,P<0.001;人格解体:β=0.076,P=0.040;成就感降低:β=0.119,P=0.001)。
结论：结果强调了社会支持和心理资本对于减少基层医务人员职业倦怠的三个维度的重要性，反过来,降低他们的离职意向。因此，为了减轻工作倦怠，提高员工留任率，领导者的物质和心理支持，同事们,家庭,亲戚,和朋友是必不可少的，提高基层医务人员心理能量的措施。
