Abstract：
In this study, the effects of four types of amendments on effective Cd and Cd content in different parts of prickly ash soil and soil enzyme activity were studied, which provided scientific basis for acidification improvement of purple soil and heavy metal pollution control. A field experiment was conducted. Six treatments were set up:no fertilizer (CK), only chemical fertilizer (F), lime + chemical fertilizer (SF), organic fertilizer + chemical fertilizer (OM), biochar + chemical fertilizer (BF), and vinasse biomass ash + chemical fertilizer (JZ). Soil pH; available Cd (DTPA-Cd); Cd content in branches, leaves, shells, and seeds of Zanthoxylum; as well as the activities of catalase (S-CAT), acid phosphatase (S-ACP), and urease (S-UE) in different treatments were studied, and their relationships were clarified. The results showed following:① The two treatments of vinasse biomass ash + chemical fertilizer and lime + chemical fertilizer significantly increased soil pH (P < 0.05) to 3.39 and 2.25 units higher than that in the control, respectively. Compared with that in the control treatment, the content of available Cd in soil under vinasse biomass ash + chemical fertilizer and lime + chemical fertilizer treatment decreased by 28.91 % and 20.90 %, respectively. ② The contents of Cd in leaves, shells, and seeds of Zanthoxylum were decreased by 31.33 %, 30.24 %, and 34.01 %, respectively. The Cd enrichment ability of different parts of Zanthoxylum was different, with the specific performances being leaves > branches > seeds > shells. Compared with that of the control, the enrichment coefficient of each part of Zanthoxylum treated with vinasse biomass ash + chemical fertilizer decreased significantly(P < 0.05)by 27.54 %-40.0 %. ③ The changes in catalase and urease activities in soil treated with amendments were similar. Compared with those in the control group, the above two enzyme activities were significantly increased by 191.26 % and 199.50 %, respectively, whereas the acid phosphatase activities were decreased by 16.45 %. Correlation analysis showed that soil available Cd content was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH value(P < 0.01), S-CAT and S-UE enzyme activities were significantly positively correlated with soil pH(P < 0.01), and the soil available Cd content was significantly negatively correlated (P < 0.01); the S-ACP enzyme showed the complete opposite trends. The application of lime and vinasse biomass ash to acidic purple soil had the most significant effect on neutralizing soil acidity. It was an effective measure to improve acidic purple soil and prevent heavy metal pollution by reducing the effective Cd content in soil and improving the soil environment while inhibiting the absorption and transfer of Cd in various parts of Zanthoxylum.
摘要：
在这项研究中,研究了4种改良剂对花椒不同部位土壤有效Cd和Cd含量及土壤酶活性的影响,为紫色土酸化改良和重金属污染防治提供科学依据。进行了现场实验。设置了六种处理方法：不施肥（CK），只有化肥（F），石灰+化肥(SF)，有机肥+化肥(OM),生物炭+化肥（BF），和酒糟生物质灰+化肥(JZ)。土壤pH;速效Cd(DTPA-Cd);枝条中Cd含量,叶子,贝壳,和花椒种子；以及过氧化氢酶（S-CAT）的活性，酸性磷酸酶（S-ACP），研究了不同处理的脲酶(S-UE)，他们的关系得到了澄清。结果表明:①酒糟生物量灰+化肥和石灰+化肥两种处理使土壤pH值(P<0.05)比对照显著提高3.39和2.25个单位。分别。与对照治疗相比，酒糟生物质灰+化肥和石灰+化肥处理下土壤有效态Cd含量分别下降了28.91%和20.90%,分别。②叶片中Cd的含量,贝壳,花椒种子减少了31.33%，30.24%，和34.01%，分别。花椒不同部位对Cd的富集能力不同,具体的表演是叶子>树枝>种子>贝壳。与控件相比，经酒糟生物质灰+化肥处理的花椒各部位的富集系数显著降低(P<0.05),降低了27.54%-40.0%。③改良剂处理土壤中过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性的变化相似。与对照组相比，上述两种酶活性分别显著提高了191.26%和199.50%,分别,酸性磷酸酶活性下降了16.45%。相关分析表明,土壤有效态Cd含量与土壤pH值呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),S-CAT和S-UE酶活性与土壤pH呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),土壤速效Cd含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);S-ACP酶呈完全相反的变化趋势。酸性紫色土施用石灰和酒糟生物量灰对中和土壤酸度的影响最为显著。通过降低土壤中有效Cd含量,改善土壤环境,同时抑制花椒各部位对Cd的吸收和转移,是改良酸性紫色土、防治重金属污染的有效措施。
