Abstract：
The increasing prevalence of noncommunicable diseases in the aging population has been correlated with a decline in innate and adaptive immune responses; hence, it is imperative to identify approaches to improve immune function, prevent related disorders, and reduce or treat age-associated health complications. Prebiotic supplementation is a promising approach to modulate the gut microbiome and immune system, offering a potential strategy to maintain the integrity of immune function in older individuals. This review summarizes the current research on prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) immunomodulatory mechanisms mediated by bacterial-derived metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, to maintain immune homeostasis. The potential applications of GOS as immunotherapy for age-related disease prevention in older individuals are also highlighted. This aligns with the global shift toward proactive healthcare and emphasizes the significance of early intervention in directing an individual\'s health trajectory.
摘要：
非传染性疾病在老龄人口中的日益流行与先天和适应性免疫反应的下降有关；因此，必须确定改善免疫功能的方法，预防相关疾病，减少或治疗与年龄相关的健康并发症。益生元补充剂是调节肠道微生物组和免疫系统的一种有前途的方法，提供了一种潜在的策略来维持老年人免疫功能的完整性。本文综述了细菌代谢产物介导的益生元半乳寡糖(GOS)免疫调节机制的研究进展。包括短链脂肪酸（SCFA）和次级胆汁酸，来维持免疫稳态.还强调了GOS作为免疫疗法在老年人中预防与年龄相关的疾病的潜在应用。这与全球向主动医疗保健的转变相一致，并强调了早期干预在指导个人健康轨迹方面的重要性。重要声明：审查提供了令人信服的证据，证明GOS，作为饮食干预，可以显着增强老年人的肠道健康和免疫调节。基于这些发现,该综述敦促进一步研究，以提高我们对GOS及其潜力的理解，以优化老年人的健康。
