PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
During weaning, piglets are susceptible to intestinal inflammation and impairment in barrier function. Dietary fiber (DF) plays an active role in alleviating weaning stress in piglets. However, the effects of different sources of dietary fiber on the performance of weaned piglets are inconsistent, and the mechanisms through which they affect intestinal health need to be explored. Therefore, in this study, sixty weaned piglets were randomly divided into three treatment groups: basal diet (control, CON), beet pulp (BP), and alfalfa meal (AM) according to the feed formulation for a 28-day trial. The results showed that both AM and BP groups significantly reduced diarrhea rate and serum inflammatory factors (IL-1β and TNF-α) and increased antioxidant markers (T-AOC and SOD), in addition to decreasing serum MDA and ROS concentrations in the AM group. At the same time, piglets in the AM group showed a significant reduction in serum intestinal permeability indices (LPS and DAO) and a substantial increase in serum immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, and IgM) and expression of intestinal barrier-associated genes (Claudin1, Occludin, ZO-1, and MUC1), which resulted in an improved growth performance. Interestingly, the effect of DF on intestinal inflammation and barrier function can be attributed to its modulation of gut microbes. Fiber-degrading bacteria enriched in the AM group (Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Pediococcus and Weissella) inhibited the production of TLR4- through the promotion of SCFAs (especially butyrate). MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway activation reduces intestinal inflammation and repairs intestinal barrier function. In conclusion, it may provide some theoretical support and rationale for AM to alleviate weaning stress and improve early intestinal dysfunction, which may have implications for human infants.
摘要：
在断奶期间,仔猪易发生肠道炎症和屏障功能受损。日粮纤维(DF)在缓解仔猪断奶应激中起着积极作用。然而,不同来源的膳食纤维对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响不一致,以及它们影响肠道健康的机制需要探索。因此,在这项研究中，60头断奶仔猪随机分为三个处理组:基础日粮(对照组,CON),甜菜浆（BP），和苜蓿粉(AM)根据饲料配方进行28天试验。结果表明,AM和BP组均显著降低腹泻率和血清炎症因子(IL-1β和TNF-α),增加抗氧化指标(T-AOC和SOD),除了降低AM组的血清MDA和ROS浓度。同时,AM组的仔猪显示血清肠道通透性指数（LPS和DAO）显着降低，血清免疫球蛋白水平显着增加（IgA，IgG,和IgM）和肠屏障相关基因的表达（Claudin1，Occludin，ZO-1和MUC1)，这导致了增长绩效的提高。有趣的是,DF对肠道炎症和屏障功能的影响可归因于其对肠道微生物的调节。富含AM组的纤维降解菌(Christensenellaceae_R-7_组，片球菌和Weissella）通过促进SCFA（尤其是丁酸盐）抑制TLR4-的产生。MyD88-NF-κB信号通路激活减轻肠道炎症，修复肠道屏障功能。总之,为AM缓解断奶应激,改善早期肠功能障碍提供一定的理论支持和依据,这可能对人类婴儿有影响。
