PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Adequate hydration is essential for good health, and an individual\'s hydration status is determined by the quantity and type of ingested fluids. The aim of the present study was to determine the hydration status of school-age children and evaluate changes in the type and quantity of consumed beverages between 2018 and 2023. The study was conducted in two stages between 2018 and 2023, and a total of 1030 fully completed questionnaires were returned by the children and their parents. A comparison of the parents\' responses regarding factors that affect beverage choices revealed that beverage composition was more significant for the parents in 2023 than in 2018, whereas health-promoting properties were significant for only less than 30% of the respondents. Taste preferences were important for both the parents and the children, and they were the main criterion in the choice of beverages in both 2018 and 2023. In turn, advertising was an important factor for children, and the percentage of children who were guided by advertising in their choice of beverages increased from 52.1% in 2018 to 58.5% in 2023 (p < 0.05). Daily fluid intake from beverages in children aged 11-13 years generally does not meet recommended intakes. Low fluid intake can negatively affect children\'s hydration status and bodily functions. Taste preferences and advertising were correlated with a higher intake of carbonated and non-carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and dairy beverages. The percentage of children who bought drinks independently and had access to SSBs increased significantly during the analyzed period. Obtain results indicate that nutrition education programs are needed to teach adolescents to make healthy drink choices, limit their consumption of SSBs and EDs, and promote regular intake of natural mineral water and non-sweetened dairy beverages.
摘要：
充足的水分对身体健康至关重要，个人的水合状态取决于摄入液体的数量和类型。本研究的目的是确定学龄儿童的水合状态，并评估2018年至2023年间消费饮料的类型和数量的变化。该研究在2018年至2023年之间分两个阶段进行，儿童及其父母总共退回了1030份完整的问卷。父母对影响饮料选择的因素的回答比较显示，2023年的饮料成分对父母来说比2018年更重要，而只有不到30％的受访者具有促进健康的特性。品味偏好对父母和孩子都很重要，它们是2018年和2023年饮料选择的主要标准。反过来,广告对儿童来说是一个重要因素，在选择饮料时接受广告指导的儿童比例从2018年的52.1%增加到2023年的58.5%(p<0.05)。11-13岁儿童每天从饮料中摄入的液体通常不符合建议摄入量。低液体摄入会对儿童的水合状态和身体机能产生负面影响。口味偏好和广告与更高的碳酸和非碳酸含糖饮料（SSB）和乳制品摄入量相关。在分析期间，独立购买饮料并获得SSB的儿童百分比显着增加。获得的结果表明，需要营养教育计划来教导青少年做出健康的饮料选择，限制他们对SSB和ED的消费，并促进定期摄入天然矿泉水和不含糖的乳饮料。
