PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The ketogenic diet (KD) has been highly developed in the past for the treatment of epileptic pathological states in children and adults. Recently, the current re-emergence in its popularity mainly focuses on the therapy of cardiometabolic diseases. The KD can also have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities which may be applied to the prevention and/or co-treatment of a diverse range of psychiatric disorders.
OBJECTIVE: This is a comprehensive literature review that intends to critically collect and scrutinize the pre-existing research basis and clinical data of the potential advantageous impacts of a KD on stress, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
METHODS: This literature review was performed to thoroughly represent the existing research in this topic, as well as to find gaps in the international scientific community. In this aspect, we carefully investigated the ultimate scientific web databases, e.g., PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to derive the currently available animal and clinical human surveys by using efficient and representative keywords.
RESULTS: Just in recent years, an increasing amount of animal and clinical human surveys have focused on investigating the possible impacts of the KD in the prevention and co-treatment of depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Pre-existing basic research with animal studies has consistently demonstrated promising results of the KD, showing a propensity to ameliorate symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. However, the translation of these findings to clinical settings presents a more complex issue. The majority of the currently available clinical surveys seem to be moderate, usually not controlled, and have mainly assessed the short-term effects of a KD. In addition, some clinical surveys appear to be characterized by enormous dropout rates and significant absence of compliance measurement, as well as an elevated amount of heterogeneity in their methodological design.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the currently available evidence seems promising, it is highly recommended to accomplish larger, long-term, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials with a prospective design, in order to derive conclusive results as to whether KD could act as a potential preventative factor or even a co-treatment agent against stress, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Basic research with animal studies is also recommended to examine the molecular mechanisms of KD against the above psychiatric diseases.
OBJECTIVE: This is a comprehensive literature review that intends to critically collect and scrutinize the pre-existing research basis and clinical data of the potential advantageous impacts of a KD on stress, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
METHODS: This literature review was performed to thoroughly represent the existing research in this topic, as well as to find gaps in the international scientific community. In this aspect, we carefully investigated the ultimate scientific web databases, e.g., PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to derive the currently available animal and clinical human surveys by using efficient and representative keywords.
RESULTS: Just in recent years, an increasing amount of animal and clinical human surveys have focused on investigating the possible impacts of the KD in the prevention and co-treatment of depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Pre-existing basic research with animal studies has consistently demonstrated promising results of the KD, showing a propensity to ameliorate symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. However, the translation of these findings to clinical settings presents a more complex issue. The majority of the currently available clinical surveys seem to be moderate, usually not controlled, and have mainly assessed the short-term effects of a KD. In addition, some clinical surveys appear to be characterized by enormous dropout rates and significant absence of compliance measurement, as well as an elevated amount of heterogeneity in their methodological design.
CONCLUSIONS: Although the currently available evidence seems promising, it is highly recommended to accomplish larger, long-term, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trials with a prospective design, in order to derive conclusive results as to whether KD could act as a potential preventative factor or even a co-treatment agent against stress, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Basic research with animal studies is also recommended to examine the molecular mechanisms of KD against the above psychiatric diseases.
摘要：
背景：生酮饮食（KD）在过去已经得到了高度发展，用于治疗儿童和成人的癫痫病理状态。最近,目前在其流行的重新出现主要集中在心脏代谢疾病的治疗。KD还可具有抗炎和神经保护活性,其可用于预防和/或共同治疗各种精神疾病。
目的：这是一个全面的文献综述，旨在严格收集和审查KD对压力的潜在有利影响的现有研究基础和临床数据，焦虑,抑郁症,精神分裂症和双相情感障碍。
方法：进行文献综述是为了全面介绍本主题的现有研究，以及寻找国际科学界的差距。在这方面,我们仔细调查了最终的科学网络数据库，例如，PubMed,Scopus,和WebofScience,通过使用有效且具有代表性的关键字来得出当前可用的动物和临床人体调查。
结果：就在最近几年，越来越多的动物和临床人类调查集中在调查KD在预防和共同治疗抑郁症方面的可能影响，焦虑,压力，精神分裂症,和双相情感障碍。预先存在的基础研究与动物研究一直证明了KD的有希望的结果，表现出改善抑郁症状的倾向，焦虑,压力，精神分裂症,和双相情感障碍。然而,将这些发现转化为临床环境提出了一个更复杂的问题.目前大多数可用的临床调查似乎是温和的，通常不受控制，并主要评估了KD的短期影响。此外,一些临床调查的特征似乎是巨大的辍学率和明显缺乏依从性测量，以及在他们的方法设计中增加的异质性。
结论：尽管目前的证据似乎很有希望，强烈建议完成更大的任务，长期的,随机化，双盲,具有前瞻性设计的对照临床试验，为了得出关于KD是否可以作为潜在的预防因素甚至是对抗压力的共同治疗剂的结论性结果，焦虑,抑郁症,精神分裂症,和双相情感障碍。还建议进行动物研究的基础研究，以检查KD对上述精神疾病的分子机制。
目的：这是一个全面的文献综述，旨在严格收集和审查KD对压力的潜在有利影响的现有研究基础和临床数据，焦虑,抑郁症,精神分裂症和双相情感障碍。
方法：进行文献综述是为了全面介绍本主题的现有研究，以及寻找国际科学界的差距。在这方面,我们仔细调查了最终的科学网络数据库，例如，PubMed,Scopus,和WebofScience,通过使用有效且具有代表性的关键字来得出当前可用的动物和临床人体调查。
结果：就在最近几年，越来越多的动物和临床人类调查集中在调查KD在预防和共同治疗抑郁症方面的可能影响，焦虑,压力，精神分裂症,和双相情感障碍。预先存在的基础研究与动物研究一直证明了KD的有希望的结果，表现出改善抑郁症状的倾向，焦虑,压力，精神分裂症,和双相情感障碍。然而,将这些发现转化为临床环境提出了一个更复杂的问题.目前大多数可用的临床调查似乎是温和的，通常不受控制，并主要评估了KD的短期影响。此外,一些临床调查的特征似乎是巨大的辍学率和明显缺乏依从性测量，以及在他们的方法设计中增加的异质性。
结论：尽管目前的证据似乎很有希望，强烈建议完成更大的任务，长期的,随机化，双盲,具有前瞻性设计的对照临床试验，为了得出关于KD是否可以作为潜在的预防因素甚至是对抗压力的共同治疗剂的结论性结果，焦虑,抑郁症,精神分裂症,和双相情感障碍。还建议进行动物研究的基础研究，以检查KD对上述精神疾病的分子机制。
