PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
As climate changes and a growing global population continue to escalate the need for greater production capabilities of food crops, technological advances in agricultural and crop research will remain a necessity. While great advances in crop improvement over the past century have contributed to massive increases in yield, classic breeding schemes lack the rate of genetic gain needed to meet future demands. In the past decade, new breeding techniques and tools have been developed to aid in crop improvement. One such advancement is the use of speed breeding. Speed breeding is known as the application of methods that significantly reduce the time between crop generations, thereby streamlining breeding and research efforts. These rapid-generation advancement tactics help to accelerate the pace of crop improvement efforts to sustain food security and meet the food, feed, and fiber demands of the world\'s growing population. Speed breeding may be achieved through a variety of techniques, including environmental optimization, genomic selection, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and epigenomic tools. This review aims to discuss these prominent advances in crop breeding technologies and techniques that have the potential to greatly improve plant breeders\' ability to rapidly produce vital cultivars.
摘要：
随着气候变化和全球人口不断增长，对粮食作物生产能力的需求不断增加，农业和作物研究的技术进步将仍然是必要的。尽管在过去的一个世纪中，作物改良的巨大进步促进了产量的大量增加，传统的育种计划缺乏满足未来需求所需的遗传增益率。在过去的十年里,已经开发了新的育种技术和工具来帮助作物改良。一个这样的进步是使用速度育种。速度育种被称为显着减少作物世代之间时间的方法的应用，从而简化育种和研究工作。这些快速一代的进步策略有助于加快作物改良努力的步伐，以维持粮食安全和满足粮食，饲料，以及世界上不断增长的人口对纤维的需求。速度育种可以通过各种技术来实现，包括环境优化，基因组选择，CRISPR-Cas9技术,和表观基因组学工具。这篇综述旨在讨论作物育种技术和技术的这些重大进展，这些技术和技术有可能大大提高植物育种者快速生产重要品种的能力。
