Abstract：
Iodine deficiency results in elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations, with high iodine Tg being more immunogenic than low iodine Tg. The study investigated the correlation between serum iodine concentration and thyroglobulin autoantibody (TgAb) levels across diverse iodine nutritional statuses as determined by urine iodine concentration (UIC). Demographic information was collected from 1,482 participants through a questionnaire. Blood and spot urine were collected to measure thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TgAb, thyroid anti-peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), serum iodine (SIC), serum non-protein-bound iodine (snPBI), urine iodine (UIC), creatinine (UCr). The median UIC and SIC were 146.5 μg/L and 74.9 μg/L, respectively. A linear relationship was observed between SIC, snPBI, and serum-protein-bound iodine (sPBI) (P < 0.001). The 90% reference intervals for SIC, snPBI, and sPBI were 50.7-120.7 μg/L, 21.9-52.9 μg/L, and 19.7-77.9 μg/L, respectively. The prevalence of elevated TgAb levels was significantly higher in women than in men (P < 0.001). Both low and high levels of snPBI and sPBI were associated with an increased risk of elevated TgAb levels. In women, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of snPBI (OR = 2.079, 95%CI: 1.166, 3.705) and sPBI (OR = 2.578, 95%CI: 1.419, 4.684) was higher. In men, the risk of positive TgAb in the group below the reference value of SIC was higher (OR = 3.395, 95%CI: 1.286, 8.962). Iodine might exert an influence on TgAb levels through its binding to proteins, primarily Tg, thereby altering the iodine content of Tg. The interplay of gender factors further enhanced the risk of TgAb emergence.
摘要：
碘缺乏导致甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）浓度升高，高碘Tg比低碘Tg更具免疫原性。该研究调查了通过尿碘浓度（UIC）确定的不同碘营养状态下血清碘浓度与甲状腺球蛋白自身抗体（TgAb）水平之间的相关性。通过问卷收集了1,482名参与者的人口统计信息。收集血液和斑点尿液以测量促甲状腺激素（TSH），TgAb,甲状腺抗过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb),血清碘（SIC），血清非蛋白结合碘（snPBI），尿碘（UIC），肌酐（UCr）。UIC和SIC中位数分别为146.5μg/L和74.9μg/L,分别。观察到SIC之间的线性关系，snPBI,和血清蛋白结合碘（sPBI）（P<0.001）。SIC的90%参考区间,snPBI,sPBI为50.7-120.7μg/L，21.9-52.9μg/L,和19.7-77.9μg/L，分别。女性TgAb水平升高的患病率明显高于男性(P<0.001)。低和高水平的snPBI和sPBI与升高的TgAb水平的风险增加相关。在女性中，低于snPBI参考值(OR=2.079,95CI:1.166,3.705)和sPBI参考值(OR=2.578,95CI:1.419,4.684)组TgAb阳性风险较高。在男人中，低于SIC参考值组TgAb阳性的风险更高(OR=3.395,95CI:1.286,8.962)。碘可能通过与蛋白质的结合对TgAb水平产生影响，主要是Tg,从而改变Tg的碘含量。性别因素的相互作用进一步增加了TgAb出现的风险。
