PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles secreted by all cell types that play a central role in cell-to-cell communication. Since these vesicles serve as vehicles of cellular content (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids) with the potential to cross biological barriers, they represent a novel attractive window into an otherwise inaccessible organ, such as the brain. The composition of EVs is cell-type specific and mirrors the physiological condition of the cell-of-origin. Consequently, during viral infection, EVs undergo significant changes in their content and morphology, thereby reflecting alterations in the cellular state. Here, we briefly summarize the potential of brain-derived EVs as a lens into viral infection in the central nervous system, thereby: 1) uncovering underlying pathophysiological processes at play and 2) serving as liquid biopsies of the brain, representing a non-invasive source of biomarkers for monitoring disease activity. Although translating the potential of EVs from research to diagnosis poses complexities, characterizing brain-derived EVs in the context of viral infections holds promise to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, offering new avenues for managing infectious neurological diseases.
摘要：
细胞外囊泡（EV）是由所有细胞类型分泌的膜结合囊泡，在细胞间通讯中起着核心作用。由于这些囊泡充当细胞内容物（核酸，蛋白质和脂质)具有跨越生物屏障的潜力，它们代表了一个新颖的吸引人的窗口，进入一个原本无法进入的器官，比如大脑。EV的组成是细胞类型特异性的，并且反映了起源细胞的生理状况。因此,在病毒感染期间，电动汽车的内容和形态发生了显著变化，从而反映细胞状态的改变。这里,我们简要总结了脑源性电动汽车作为中枢神经系统病毒感染的透镜的潜力，因此：1）发现潜在的病理生理过程，以及2）作为大脑的液体活检，代表用于监测疾病活动的非侵入性生物标志物来源。尽管将电动汽车的潜力从研究转化为诊断带来了复杂性，在病毒感染的背景下表征脑源性电动汽车有望增强诊断和治疗策略，为管理传染性神经系统疾病提供了新的途径。
