Abstract：
Soft tissue and bone tumors comprise a wide category of neoplasms. Their diversity frequently raises diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic options are continuously developing. The therapeutic success rate and long-term prognosis of patients have improved substantially due to new advances in immunohistochemical and molecular biology techniques. A fundamental contribution to these achievements has been the study of the tumor microenvironment and the reclassification of new entities with the updating of the molecular pathogenesis in the revised 5th edition of the Classification of Soft Tissue Tumors, edited by the World Health Organization. The proposed molecular diagnostic techniques include the well-known in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction methods, but new techniques such as copy-number arrays, multiplex probes, single-nucleotide polymorphism, and sequencing are also proposed. This review aims to synthesize the most recent pathogenetic and molecular classifications of soft tissue and bone tumors, considering the major impact of these diagnostic tools, which are becoming indispensable in clinicopathological practice.
摘要：
软组织和骨肿瘤包括广泛类别的肿瘤。它们的多样性经常引发诊断挑战，治疗方案也在不断发展。由于免疫组织化学和分子生物学技术的新进展，患者的治疗成功率和长期预后已大大提高。对这些成就的基本贡献是对肿瘤微环境的研究和新实体的重新分类，并在修订的第5版“软组织肿瘤分类”中更新了分子发病机理，由世界卫生组织编辑。拟议的分子诊断技术包括众所周知的原位杂交和聚合酶链反应方法，但是诸如拷贝数数组之类的新技术，多重探针，单核苷酸多态性，和排序也被提出。这篇综述旨在综合软组织和骨肿瘤的最新病因和分子分类，考虑到这些诊断工具的主要影响，在临床病理实践中变得不可或缺。
