PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Aquaculture is an important food source worldwide. The extensive use of antibiotics in intensive large-scale farms has resulted in resistance development. Non-intensive aquaculture is another aquatic feeding model that is conducive to ecological protection and closely related to the natural environment. However, the transmission of resistomes in non-intensive aquaculture has not been well characterized. Moreover, the influence of aquaculture resistomes on human health needs to be further understood. Here, metagenomic approach was employed to identify the mobility of aquaculture resistomes and estimate the potential risks to human health.
RESULTS: The results demonstrated that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were widely present in non-intensive aquaculture systems and the multidrug type was most abundant accounting for 34%. ARGs of non-intensive aquaculture environments were mainly shaped by microbial communities accounting for 51%. Seventy-seven genera and 36 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were significantly associated with 23 ARG types (p < 0.05) according to network analysis. Six ARGs were defined as core ARGs (top 3% most abundant with occurrence frequency > 80%) which occupied 40% of ARG abundance in fish gut samples. Seventy-one ARG-carrying contigs were identified and 75% of them carried MGEs simultaneously. The qacEdelta1 and sul1 formed a stable combination and were detected simultaneously in aquaculture environments and humans. Additionally, 475 high-quality metagenomic-assembled genomes (MAGs) were recovered and 81 MAGs carried ARGs. The multidrug and bacitracin resistance genes were the most abundant ARG types carried by MAGs. Strikingly, Fusobacterium_A (opportunistic human pathogen) carrying ARGs and MGEs were identified in both the aquaculture system and human guts, which indicated the potential risks of ARG transfer.
CONCLUSIONS: The mobility and pathogenicity of aquaculture resistomes were explored by a metagenomic approach. Given the observed co-occurrence of resistomes between the aquaculture environment and human, more stringent regulation of resistomes in non-intensive aquaculture systems may be required. Video Abstract.
RESULTS: The results demonstrated that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were widely present in non-intensive aquaculture systems and the multidrug type was most abundant accounting for 34%. ARGs of non-intensive aquaculture environments were mainly shaped by microbial communities accounting for 51%. Seventy-seven genera and 36 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were significantly associated with 23 ARG types (p < 0.05) according to network analysis. Six ARGs were defined as core ARGs (top 3% most abundant with occurrence frequency > 80%) which occupied 40% of ARG abundance in fish gut samples. Seventy-one ARG-carrying contigs were identified and 75% of them carried MGEs simultaneously. The qacEdelta1 and sul1 formed a stable combination and were detected simultaneously in aquaculture environments and humans. Additionally, 475 high-quality metagenomic-assembled genomes (MAGs) were recovered and 81 MAGs carried ARGs. The multidrug and bacitracin resistance genes were the most abundant ARG types carried by MAGs. Strikingly, Fusobacterium_A (opportunistic human pathogen) carrying ARGs and MGEs were identified in both the aquaculture system and human guts, which indicated the potential risks of ARG transfer.
CONCLUSIONS: The mobility and pathogenicity of aquaculture resistomes were explored by a metagenomic approach. Given the observed co-occurrence of resistomes between the aquaculture environment and human, more stringent regulation of resistomes in non-intensive aquaculture systems may be required. Video Abstract.
摘要：
背景：水产养殖是全球重要的食物来源。在密集的大规模农场中广泛使用抗生素导致了耐药性的发展。非集约化养殖是另一种有利于生态保护、与自然环境密切相关的水产养殖模式。然而,在非集约化水产养殖中，耐药性的传播尚未得到很好的表征。此外，水产养殖耐药性对人类健康的影响有待进一步了解。这里,宏基因组方法被用来确定水产养殖抗性的流动性和估计对人类健康的潜在风险。
结果：结果表明，抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）广泛存在于非集约化水产养殖系统中，多药类型最丰富，占34％。非集约化水产养殖环境的ARGs主要由微生物群落形成，占51％。根据网络分析，77个属和36个可移动遗传元件（MGEs）与23个ARG类型显着相关（p<0.05）。六个ARG被定义为核心ARG（最高3％，发生频率>80％），占鱼肠样品中ARG丰度的40％。鉴定出71个携带ARG的重叠群，其中75％同时携带MGE。qacEdelta1和sul1形成稳定的组合，并在水产养殖环境和人类中同时检测到。此外,回收了475个高质量的宏基因组组装基因组（MAG），81个MAG携带ARG。多药和杆菌肽耐药基因是MAG携带的最丰富的ARG类型。引人注目的是，在水产养殖系统和人类肠道中都鉴定出携带ARG和MGE的Fusobacterium_A（机会性人类病原体），这表明了ARG转移的潜在风险。
结论：通过宏基因组方法探索了水产养殖抗性的移动性和致病性。鉴于观察到的水产养殖环境和人类之间的耐药性共同出现，可能需要在非集约化水产养殖系统中对抗性体进行更严格的监管。视频摘要。
结果：结果表明，抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）广泛存在于非集约化水产养殖系统中，多药类型最丰富，占34％。非集约化水产养殖环境的ARGs主要由微生物群落形成，占51％。根据网络分析，77个属和36个可移动遗传元件（MGEs）与23个ARG类型显着相关（p<0.05）。六个ARG被定义为核心ARG（最高3％，发生频率>80％），占鱼肠样品中ARG丰度的40％。鉴定出71个携带ARG的重叠群，其中75％同时携带MGE。qacEdelta1和sul1形成稳定的组合，并在水产养殖环境和人类中同时检测到。此外,回收了475个高质量的宏基因组组装基因组（MAG），81个MAG携带ARG。多药和杆菌肽耐药基因是MAG携带的最丰富的ARG类型。引人注目的是，在水产养殖系统和人类肠道中都鉴定出携带ARG和MGE的Fusobacterium_A（机会性人类病原体），这表明了ARG转移的潜在风险。
结论：通过宏基因组方法探索了水产养殖抗性的移动性和致病性。鉴于观察到的水产养殖环境和人类之间的耐药性共同出现，可能需要在非集约化水产养殖系统中对抗性体进行更严格的监管。视频摘要。
