Abstract：
Cutaneous melanoma is a lethal skin cancer variant with pronounced aggressiveness and metastatic potential. However, few targeted medications inhibit the progression of melanoma. Ganoderma lucidum, which is a type of mushroom, is widely used as a non-toxic alternative adjunct therapy for cancer patients. This study determines the effect of WSG, which is a water-soluble glucan that is derived from G. lucidum, on melanoma cells. The results show that WSG inhibits cell viability and the mobility of melanoma cells. WSG induces changes in the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers. WSG also downregulates EMT-related transcription factors, Snail and Twist. Signal transduction assays show that WSG reduces the protein levels in transforming growth factor β receptors (TGFβRs) and consequently inhibits the phosphorylation of intracellular signaling molecules, such as FAK, ERK1/2 and Smad2. An In vivo study shows that WSG suppresses melanoma growth in B16F10-bearing mice. To enhance transdermal drug delivery and prevent oxidation, two highly biocompatible compounds, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), are used to synthesize a dissolvable microneedle patch that is loaded with WSG (MN-WSG). A functional assay shows that MN-WSG has an effect that is comparable to that of WSG alone. These results show that WSG has significant potential as a therapeutic agent for melanoma treatment. MN-WSG may allow groundbreaking therapeutic approaches and offers a novel method for delivering this potent compound effectively.
摘要：
皮肤黑色素瘤是一种致命的皮肤癌变体，具有明显的侵袭性和转移潜力。然而,很少有靶向药物抑制黑色素瘤的进展。灵芝,这是一种蘑菇，被广泛用作癌症患者的无毒替代辅助疗法。这项研究确定了WSG的效果，它是一种水溶性葡聚糖，来源于灵芝，黑色素瘤细胞。结果显示WSG抑制细胞活力和黑素瘤细胞的移动性。WSG诱导上皮-间质转化(EMT)相关标志物表达的变化。WSG还下调EMT相关转录因子，蜗牛和扭曲。信号转导试验表明，WSG降低了转化生长因子β受体（TGFβRs）中的蛋白质水平，从而抑制了细胞内信号分子的磷酸化，比如FAK,ERK1/2和Smad2。体内研究表明，WSG抑制B16F10携带小鼠的黑色素瘤生长。为了增强透皮给药并防止氧化，两种高度生物相容性的化合物，聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP），用于合成载有WSG(MN-WSG)的可溶性微针贴片。功能测定显示MN-WSG具有与单独的WSG相当的效果。这些结果表明WSG作为黑素瘤治疗的治疗剂具有显著的潜力。MN-WSG可以提供突破性的治疗方法，并提供了一种有效递送这种有效化合物的新方法。
