Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Strengthening the hip and trunk muscles may decrease foot pronation in upright standing due to expected increases in hip passive torque and lower-limb external rotation. However, considering the increased pronation caused by a more varus foot-ankle alignment, subjects with more varus may experience smaller or no postural changes after strengthening.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of hip and trunk muscle strengthening on lower-limb posture during upright standing and hip passive torque of women with more and less varus alignment.
METHODS: This nonrandomized controlled experimental study included 50 young, able-bodied women. The intervention group (n = 25) performed hip and trunk muscle strengthening exercises, and the control group (n = 25) maintained their usual activities. Each group was split into two subgroups: those with more and less varus alignment. Hip, shank, and rearfoot-ankle posture and hip passive external rotation torque were evaluated. Mixed analyses of variance and preplanned contrasts were used to assess prepost changes and between-group differences (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: The less-varus subgroup of the intervention group had a reduced rearfoot eversion posture (P = 0.02). No significant changes were observed in the less-varus subgroup of the control group (P = 0.31). There were no significant differences in posture between the control and intervention groups when varus was not considered (P ≥ 0.06). The intervention group had increased hip passive torque (P = 0.001) compared to the control group, independent of varus alignment.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increases in hip passive torque, the rearfoot eversion posture was reduced only in women with a less-varus alignment. Having more foot-ankle varus may prevent eversion reductions.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of hip and trunk muscle strengthening on lower-limb posture during upright standing and hip passive torque of women with more and less varus alignment.
METHODS: This nonrandomized controlled experimental study included 50 young, able-bodied women. The intervention group (n = 25) performed hip and trunk muscle strengthening exercises, and the control group (n = 25) maintained their usual activities. Each group was split into two subgroups: those with more and less varus alignment. Hip, shank, and rearfoot-ankle posture and hip passive external rotation torque were evaluated. Mixed analyses of variance and preplanned contrasts were used to assess prepost changes and between-group differences (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: The less-varus subgroup of the intervention group had a reduced rearfoot eversion posture (P = 0.02). No significant changes were observed in the less-varus subgroup of the control group (P = 0.31). There were no significant differences in posture between the control and intervention groups when varus was not considered (P ≥ 0.06). The intervention group had increased hip passive torque (P = 0.001) compared to the control group, independent of varus alignment.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increases in hip passive torque, the rearfoot eversion posture was reduced only in women with a less-varus alignment. Having more foot-ankle varus may prevent eversion reductions.
摘要：
背景：由于预期的髋部被动扭矩和下肢外部旋转的增加，加强髋部和躯干肌肉可能会减少直立站立时的足部内旋。然而,考虑到足踝内翻导致的内旋增加，内翻较多的受试者在强化后可能会经历较小的姿势变化或没有姿势变化。
目的：探讨髋部和躯干肌强化对内翻对准较多女性直立时下肢姿势和髋部被动扭矩的影响。
方法：这项非随机对照实验研究包括50名年轻人，健全的女人。干预组(n=25)进行髋关节和躯干肌肉强化锻炼,对照组（n=25）保持正常活动。每组分为两个亚组：内翻对齐较多和较少的亚组。臀部,小腿,评估后足踝姿势和髋关节被动外旋力矩。使用方差和预先计划的对比的混合分析来评估事后变化和组间差异（α=0.05）。
结果：干预组的内翻较少亚组的后足外翻姿势减少（P=0.02）。对照组的低内翻亚组无明显变化（P=0.31）。当不考虑内翻时，对照组和干预组之间的姿势没有显着差异（P≥0.06）。与对照组相比，干预组的髋关节被动扭矩增加（P=0.001）。独立于varus对齐。
结论：尽管髋部被动扭矩增加，后足外翻姿势仅在内翻较少的女性中减少。有更多的足踝内翻可以防止外翻减少。
目的：探讨髋部和躯干肌强化对内翻对准较多女性直立时下肢姿势和髋部被动扭矩的影响。
方法：这项非随机对照实验研究包括50名年轻人，健全的女人。干预组(n=25)进行髋关节和躯干肌肉强化锻炼,对照组（n=25）保持正常活动。每组分为两个亚组：内翻对齐较多和较少的亚组。臀部,小腿,评估后足踝姿势和髋关节被动外旋力矩。使用方差和预先计划的对比的混合分析来评估事后变化和组间差异（α=0.05）。
结果：干预组的内翻较少亚组的后足外翻姿势减少（P=0.02）。对照组的低内翻亚组无明显变化（P=0.31）。当不考虑内翻时，对照组和干预组之间的姿势没有显着差异（P≥0.06）。与对照组相比，干预组的髋关节被动扭矩增加（P=0.001）。独立于varus对齐。
结论：尽管髋部被动扭矩增加，后足外翻姿势仅在内翻较少的女性中减少。有更多的足踝内翻可以防止外翻减少。
