Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine whether massage pressure on the target muscles (biceps brachii muscle [BB] and the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle [MG]) is related to the massage effect (reducing muscle stiffness).
METHODS: Nine healthy participants participated in this study. A physiotherapist massaged the upper arms and lower legs of participants on a rigid desk in a laboratory. Massage was delivered for 10 min with a 3-min rest. The shear modulus (i.e., the muscle stiffness), assessed by shear wave elastography, was measured at various time points (before [PRE], immediately after [POST], and 5 [POST-5], 10, 15, and 20 min after the massage). The massage pressure data (N) were obtained only during massage by force plate sensors.
RESULTS: The BB shear modulus was significantly reduced POST massage. The MG shear modulus significantly reduced POST massage and remained clearly reduced until POST-5. There was a negative correlation between the total massage pressure and the % change in the shear modulus in both muscles.
CONCLUSIONS: Since the spindle (BB) and pennate (MG) muscles have structural differences, our results suggest that these differences may affect the pattern of changes in the shear modulus in response to massage.
CONCLUSIONS: Massage pressure is related to the massage effect (reducing muscle stiffness), and its relationships to POST are not related to the differences in the morphologies of the spindle (BB) and pennate muscles (MG). However, differences in the morphologies of the spindle and pennate muscles may cause differences in the duration of the massage effects.
METHODS: Nine healthy participants participated in this study. A physiotherapist massaged the upper arms and lower legs of participants on a rigid desk in a laboratory. Massage was delivered for 10 min with a 3-min rest. The shear modulus (i.e., the muscle stiffness), assessed by shear wave elastography, was measured at various time points (before [PRE], immediately after [POST], and 5 [POST-5], 10, 15, and 20 min after the massage). The massage pressure data (N) were obtained only during massage by force plate sensors.
RESULTS: The BB shear modulus was significantly reduced POST massage. The MG shear modulus significantly reduced POST massage and remained clearly reduced until POST-5. There was a negative correlation between the total massage pressure and the % change in the shear modulus in both muscles.
CONCLUSIONS: Since the spindle (BB) and pennate (MG) muscles have structural differences, our results suggest that these differences may affect the pattern of changes in the shear modulus in response to massage.
CONCLUSIONS: Massage pressure is related to the massage effect (reducing muscle stiffness), and its relationships to POST are not related to the differences in the morphologies of the spindle (BB) and pennate muscles (MG). However, differences in the morphologies of the spindle and pennate muscles may cause differences in the duration of the massage effects.
摘要：
背景：这项研究旨在确定对目标肌肉（肱二头肌[BB]和腓肠肌内侧头[MG]）的按摩压力是否与按摩效果（降低肌肉僵硬度）有关。
方法：9名健康参与者参与了这项研究。物理治疗师在实验室的刚性桌子上按摩参与者的上臂和小腿。按摩10分钟，休息3分钟。剪切模量(即，肌肉僵硬)，通过剪切波弹性成像评估，在不同的时间点测量(在[PRE]之前，在[POST]之后，和5[POST-5]，按摩后10、15和20分钟）。仅在按摩期间通过测力板传感器获得按摩压力数据(N)。
结果：在按摩后，BB剪切模量显着降低。MG剪切模量显着降低了POST按摩，并在POST-5之前保持明显降低。两种肌肉的总按摩压力与剪切模量的百分比变化之间呈负相关。
结论：由于纺锤体（BB）和羽状肌（MG）具有结构差异，我们的结果表明，这些差异可能会影响对按摩的剪切模量变化模式。
结论：按摩压力与按摩效果（降低肌肉僵硬度）有关，其与POST的关系与纺锤体（BB）和羽状肌（MG）的形态差异无关。然而,纺锤体和羽状肌形态的差异可能会导致按摩效果持续时间的差异。
方法：9名健康参与者参与了这项研究。物理治疗师在实验室的刚性桌子上按摩参与者的上臂和小腿。按摩10分钟，休息3分钟。剪切模量(即，肌肉僵硬)，通过剪切波弹性成像评估，在不同的时间点测量(在[PRE]之前，在[POST]之后，和5[POST-5]，按摩后10、15和20分钟）。仅在按摩期间通过测力板传感器获得按摩压力数据(N)。
结果：在按摩后，BB剪切模量显着降低。MG剪切模量显着降低了POST按摩，并在POST-5之前保持明显降低。两种肌肉的总按摩压力与剪切模量的百分比变化之间呈负相关。
结论：由于纺锤体（BB）和羽状肌（MG）具有结构差异，我们的结果表明，这些差异可能会影响对按摩的剪切模量变化模式。
结论：按摩压力与按摩效果（降低肌肉僵硬度）有关，其与POST的关系与纺锤体（BB）和羽状肌（MG）的形态差异无关。然而,纺锤体和羽状肌形态的差异可能会导致按摩效果持续时间的差异。
