Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Building law regulations determine designing the built environment recognising the needs of users of different ages and psychophysical abilities. Seniors and their spatial needs are covered there to a limited extent. The benchmark for design are wheelchair users. Their spatial requirements are greater in relation to independent walkers, including most older people. This makes it difficult to adapt the whole built environment to the needs of people with less mobility dysfunction. This can be considered in terms of spatial design and investment costs.
METHODS: The paper analyses the building regulations of 3 countries in terms of legal conditions to shape the architectural movement space of older people and disabled people. Analytical and comparative methods are used. Such research is becoming relevant and necessary. The analyses are conducted in the context of ageing populations. They are justified by statistical data on the age groups of Polish society. This is followed by design analyses of the legal requirements in the wheelchair movement space and proposals for alternatives, e.g., people walking with canes (case study). Their aim is to indicate methods to limit excessive communication spaces in buildings while maintaining functional values for all users.
RESULTS: Research may show the possibility of greater diversification of regulations and alternatives to current laws. They are dedicated to participants in investment processes to shape accessible buildings. They can also be used in legislative work on amendments to the construction law.
CONCLUSIONS: Changes in building regulations and a detailed approach to the mobility needs of older and disabled people (walking independently) are proposed. These decisions can provide benefits (spatial and economic savings). They fall into the \"design for all\" trend and sustainability of the built environment. These demands are based on no longer valid normative regulations. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2024;75(3):189-197.
METHODS: The paper analyses the building regulations of 3 countries in terms of legal conditions to shape the architectural movement space of older people and disabled people. Analytical and comparative methods are used. Such research is becoming relevant and necessary. The analyses are conducted in the context of ageing populations. They are justified by statistical data on the age groups of Polish society. This is followed by design analyses of the legal requirements in the wheelchair movement space and proposals for alternatives, e.g., people walking with canes (case study). Their aim is to indicate methods to limit excessive communication spaces in buildings while maintaining functional values for all users.
RESULTS: Research may show the possibility of greater diversification of regulations and alternatives to current laws. They are dedicated to participants in investment processes to shape accessible buildings. They can also be used in legislative work on amendments to the construction law.
CONCLUSIONS: Changes in building regulations and a detailed approach to the mobility needs of older and disabled people (walking independently) are proposed. These decisions can provide benefits (spatial and economic savings). They fall into the \"design for all\" trend and sustainability of the built environment. These demands are based on no longer valid normative regulations. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2024;75(3):189-197.
摘要：
背景：建筑法规确定设计建筑环境，以识别不同年龄和心理物理能力的用户的需求。老年人及其空间需求在那里得到了有限的覆盖。设计的基准是轮椅使用者。与独立步行者相比，它们的空间要求更高，包括大多数老年人。这使得难以使整个建筑环境适应行动不便较少的人的需求。这可以从空间设计和投资成本的角度来考虑。
方法：本文从法律条件方面分析了3个国家的建筑法规，以塑造老年人和残疾人的建筑运动空间。使用分析和比较方法。这种研究变得有意义和必要。这些分析是在人口老龄化的背景下进行的。波兰社会年龄组的统计数据证明了这一点。接下来是对轮椅运动空间的法律要求的设计分析和替代方案的建议，例如，人们用手杖走路（案例研究）。他们的目的是指出限制建筑物中过度通信空间的方法，同时保持所有用户的功能价值。
结果：研究可能表明法规和替代现行法律的更大多样化的可能性。他们致力于参与投资过程，以塑造无障碍建筑。它们也可以用于建筑法修正案的立法工作。
结论：提出了建筑法规的变化以及针对老年人和残疾人（独立行走）的行动需求的详细方法。这些决策可以带来好处（节省空间和经济）。它们属于建筑环境的“所有人的设计”趋势和可持续性。这些要求基于不再有效的规范性法规。MedPr工作健康Saf。2024；75（3）。
方法：本文从法律条件方面分析了3个国家的建筑法规，以塑造老年人和残疾人的建筑运动空间。使用分析和比较方法。这种研究变得有意义和必要。这些分析是在人口老龄化的背景下进行的。波兰社会年龄组的统计数据证明了这一点。接下来是对轮椅运动空间的法律要求的设计分析和替代方案的建议，例如，人们用手杖走路（案例研究）。他们的目的是指出限制建筑物中过度通信空间的方法，同时保持所有用户的功能价值。
结果：研究可能表明法规和替代现行法律的更大多样化的可能性。他们致力于参与投资过程，以塑造无障碍建筑。它们也可以用于建筑法修正案的立法工作。
结论：提出了建筑法规的变化以及针对老年人和残疾人（独立行走）的行动需求的详细方法。这些决策可以带来好处（节省空间和经济）。它们属于建筑环境的“所有人的设计”趋势和可持续性。这些要求基于不再有效的规范性法规。MedPr工作健康Saf。2024；75（3）。
