Abstract：
The microplastics and organic additives formed in routine use of plastic takeaway food containers may pose significant health risks. Thus, we collected plastic containers made of polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polylactic acid and simulated two thermal usages, including hot water (I) and microwave treatments (M). Nile Red fluorescence staining was developed to improve accurate counting of microplastics with the aid of TEM and DLS analysis. The quantity of MPs released from thermal treatments was determined ranging from 285.7 thousand items/cm2 to 681.5 thousand items/cm2 in containers loaded with hot water with the following order: IPS>IPP>IPET>IPLA, while microwave treatment showed lower values ranging from 171.9 thousand items/cm2 to 301.6 thousand items/cm2. In vitro toxicity test using human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells indicated decrease of cell viability in raw leachate, resuspended MPs and supernatants, which might further lead to cell membrane rupture, ROS production, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, the leachate inhibited the expression of key genes in the electron transport chain (ETC) process, disrupted energy metabolism. For the first time, we isolate the actually released microplastics and organic substances for in vitro toxicity testing, and demonstrate their potential impacts to human intestine. SYNOPSIS: Plastic take-out containers may release microplastics and organic substances during daily usage, both of which can cause individual and combined cytotoxic effects on human colon adenocarcinoma cells Caco-2.
摘要：
在塑料外卖食品容器的常规使用中形成的微塑料和有机添加剂可能会带来重大的健康风险。因此，我们收集了聚苯乙烯制成的塑料容器，聚丙烯,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，聚乳酸和模拟两种热用法，包括热水(I)和微波处理(M)。开发了尼罗红荧光染色以借助于TEM和DLS分析提高微塑料的准确计数。在装有热水的容器中，从热处理中释放的MP的数量确定为从285.7万项/cm2到681.5万项/cm2，顺序如下：IPS>IPP>IPET>IPLA，而微波处理显示较低的值，范围从171.9万项/cm2到301.6万项/cm2。使用人肠上皮Caco-2细胞进行的体外毒性试验表明，原始渗滤液中细胞活力降低，重新悬浮的议员和上清液，这可能会进一步导致细胞膜破裂，ROS生产，线粒体膜电位降低。此外，渗滤液抑制了电子传递链(ETC)过程中关键基因的表达,破坏了能量代谢.第一次,我们分离实际释放的微塑料和有机物质用于体外毒性测试，并证明它们对人体肠道的潜在影响。摘要：塑料取出容器在日常使用过程中可能会释放微塑料和有机物质，两者都可以对人结肠腺癌细胞Caco-2产生单独和联合的细胞毒性作用。
