Abstract：
Echinops plants have received great attention for the treatment of many diseases due to pharmacological properties such as their antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory characteristics. The major purpose of the present study was to investigate the cardioprotective benefits of Echinops cephalotes (Ech) against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to three groups: sham, MI, and MI + Ech. The left coronary artery (LAD) was blocked for 30 minutes to induce MI. In the treatment group, rats were given 150 mg/kg/day of Ech extract for 28 days. Aqueous extracts were made from Echinops plants. To study heart function, fibrosis, cardiac damage indicators, and oxidative stress factors, echocardiography, Masson\'s trichrome staining, and biochemical tests were used. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP2 and MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) was determined using Western blotting. Tissue damage was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. MI group exhibited significantly reduced ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), enhanced levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), cardiac Troponin I (cTnI), and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as a decrease in the Glutathione (GSH) tissue content, reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), increasing fibrosis, upregulations of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and reduction of TIMP compared to the sham group. The findings suggest that Ech in particular, could be a promising therapeutic agent to reduce the damage in MI by targeting oxidative stress and modulating the activities of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors.
摘要：
Echinops植物由于其抗糖尿病等药理特性，在治疗许多疾病方面受到了极大的关注，抗氧化剂，和抗炎特性。本研究的主要目的是研究Echinopsheadotes（Ech）对心肌缺血再灌注（MI/R）损伤的心脏保护作用。雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为三组：假，MI,和MI+Ech。将左冠状动脉(LAD)阻断30分钟以诱导MI。在治疗组中，给予大鼠150mg/kg/天的Ech提取物28天。水提取物由Echinops植物制成。为了研究心脏功能，纤维化，心脏损伤指标,和氧化应激因素，超声心动图,马森三色染色，和生化测试。采用蛋白质印迹法测定基质金属蛋白酶2和9（MMP2和MMP-9）和金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂（TIMP）的表达。使用苏木精和伊红染色评估组织损伤。MI组射血分数(EF)和缩短分数(FS)显著降低,乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）水平提高，肌酸激酶MB（CK-MB），心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI),丙二醛（MDA），以及谷胱甘肽（GSH）组织含量的降低，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性降低，增加纤维化，与假手术组相比，MMP-2和MMP-9上调，TIMP降低。研究结果表明，尤其是Ech，可以通过靶向氧化应激和调节基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制剂的活性来减少MI的损伤。
