PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: To investigate the effect of a 50% ascorbic acid with 50% citric acid solution on the immediate shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic brackets after tooth bleaching. The enamel etching pattern and the required quantity of these combined acids as antioxidants following 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching were also determined.
METHODS: The stability of the solution at room temperature was assessed at various time intervals. Fifty teeth were randomly divided into five groups: non-bleached (G1), bleached then acid etched (G2), bleached followed by a 10-minute treatment with 10% sodium ascorbate and acid etched (G3), 5-minute treatment with 50% ascorbic acid (G4), and 5-minute treatment with a combination of 50% ascorbic acid and 50% citric acid (G5). Groups G2, G3, G4 and G5 were bleached by 35% HP gel for a total of 32 min. Acid etching in groups G1, G2, and G3 was performed using 37% phosphoric acid (Ormco®, Orange, CA, USA) for 15 s. In all groups, metal brackets were immediately bonded using Transbond™ XT primer and Transbond™ PLUS adhesive, with light curing for 40 s. The SBS was tested with a universal testing machine, and statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey\'s HSD test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05 for all statistical tests.
RESULTS: Stability tests demonstrated that the combined acids remained effective for up to 21 days. Group G5 significantly increased the SBS of bleached teeth to the level of G1 (p < 0.05), while G3 did not achieve the same increase in SBS (p > 0.05). SEM analysis revealed enamel etching patterns similar to those of both control groups (G1 and G2). Kinetic studies at 6 min indicated that the antioxidation in G5 reacted 0.2 mmole lower than in G3 and G4.
CONCLUSIONS: 5-minute application of the combined acids enhanced the SBS of bleached teeth comparable to unbleached teeth. The combined acids remain stable over two weeks, presenting a time-efficient, single-step solution for antioxidant application and enamel etching in orthodontic bracket bonding.
METHODS: The stability of the solution at room temperature was assessed at various time intervals. Fifty teeth were randomly divided into five groups: non-bleached (G1), bleached then acid etched (G2), bleached followed by a 10-minute treatment with 10% sodium ascorbate and acid etched (G3), 5-minute treatment with 50% ascorbic acid (G4), and 5-minute treatment with a combination of 50% ascorbic acid and 50% citric acid (G5). Groups G2, G3, G4 and G5 were bleached by 35% HP gel for a total of 32 min. Acid etching in groups G1, G2, and G3 was performed using 37% phosphoric acid (Ormco®, Orange, CA, USA) for 15 s. In all groups, metal brackets were immediately bonded using Transbond™ XT primer and Transbond™ PLUS adhesive, with light curing for 40 s. The SBS was tested with a universal testing machine, and statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey\'s HSD test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05 for all statistical tests.
RESULTS: Stability tests demonstrated that the combined acids remained effective for up to 21 days. Group G5 significantly increased the SBS of bleached teeth to the level of G1 (p < 0.05), while G3 did not achieve the same increase in SBS (p > 0.05). SEM analysis revealed enamel etching patterns similar to those of both control groups (G1 and G2). Kinetic studies at 6 min indicated that the antioxidation in G5 reacted 0.2 mmole lower than in G3 and G4.
CONCLUSIONS: 5-minute application of the combined acids enhanced the SBS of bleached teeth comparable to unbleached teeth. The combined acids remain stable over two weeks, presenting a time-efficient, single-step solution for antioxidant application and enamel etching in orthodontic bracket bonding.
摘要：
背景：研究50％抗坏血酸与50％柠檬酸溶液对牙齿漂白后金属支架的即时剪切粘结强度（SBS）的影响。还测定了35%过氧化氢(HP)漂白后的釉质蚀刻图案和作为抗氧化剂的这些组合酸的所需量。
方法:以各种时间间隔评估溶液在室温下的稳定性。将50颗牙齿随机分为五组：非漂白（G1），漂白，然后酸蚀（G2），漂白，然后用10％抗坏血酸钠和酸蚀（G3）处理10分钟，用50％抗坏血酸（G4）处理5分钟，和用50%抗坏血酸和50%柠檬酸(G5)的组合处理5分钟。组G2、G3、G4和G5用35%HP凝胶漂白总共32分钟。使用37%磷酸(Ormco®,橙色,CA,美国)15秒。在所有组中，立即使用Transbond™XT底漆和Transbond™PLUS粘合剂粘合金属支架,光固化40秒。SBS用万能试验机进行了测试，采用单因素方差分析和Tukey'sHSD检验进行统计学分析。所有统计检验的显著性水平设定为p<0.05。
结果:稳定性测试表明组合的酸保持有效长达21天。G5组显著提高漂白牙齿的SBS至G1水平(p<0.05),而G3的SBS没有达到相同的增加(p>0.05)。SEM分析显示牙釉质蚀刻图案与两个对照组(G1和G2)相似。6分钟时的动力学研究表明，G5中的抗氧化反应比G3和G4中的抗氧化反应低0.2mmol。
结论：与未漂白的牙齿相比，联合酸的5分钟应用可增强漂白牙齿的SBS。合并的酸在两周内保持稳定，提出了一个省时的，在正畸托槽粘接中应用抗氧化剂和牙釉质蚀刻的单步解决方案。
方法:以各种时间间隔评估溶液在室温下的稳定性。将50颗牙齿随机分为五组：非漂白（G1），漂白，然后酸蚀（G2），漂白，然后用10％抗坏血酸钠和酸蚀（G3）处理10分钟，用50％抗坏血酸（G4）处理5分钟，和用50%抗坏血酸和50%柠檬酸(G5)的组合处理5分钟。组G2、G3、G4和G5用35%HP凝胶漂白总共32分钟。使用37%磷酸(Ormco®,橙色,CA,美国)15秒。在所有组中，立即使用Transbond™XT底漆和Transbond™PLUS粘合剂粘合金属支架,光固化40秒。SBS用万能试验机进行了测试，采用单因素方差分析和Tukey'sHSD检验进行统计学分析。所有统计检验的显著性水平设定为p<0.05。
结果:稳定性测试表明组合的酸保持有效长达21天。G5组显著提高漂白牙齿的SBS至G1水平(p<0.05),而G3的SBS没有达到相同的增加(p>0.05)。SEM分析显示牙釉质蚀刻图案与两个对照组(G1和G2)相似。6分钟时的动力学研究表明，G5中的抗氧化反应比G3和G4中的抗氧化反应低0.2mmol。
结论：与未漂白的牙齿相比，联合酸的5分钟应用可增强漂白牙齿的SBS。合并的酸在两周内保持稳定，提出了一个省时的，在正畸托槽粘接中应用抗氧化剂和牙釉质蚀刻的单步解决方案。
