Abstract：
Burullus lagoon is part of Egypt\'s protected area network. The lagoon serves as a reservoir for drainage water discharged from agricultural areas, and the lake\'s sediments provide a unique opportunity to record environmental behavior and reconstruct of the heavy metal contamination history. In the present study, the sediment chronology, sedimentation rates, and metal accumulation fluxes were estimated in four sediment cores using 210Pb dating models to evaluate how human activities have affected the coastal environment. Using the radioisotopes 210Pb and 137Cs, radiometric dating was carried out using gamma-ray spectrometry. At the Egypt Second Research Reactor (ETRR-2), the element concentrations were determined using the instrumented neutron activation analysis (INAA- k0 method). Our findings show that the constant rate of supply (CRS), which has been verified with the peak of artificial radionuclide 137Cs, is the best model performed for the chronology of Burullus Lagoon. The average sedimentation rate, according to 210Pb dating models, is 0.85 cm/year. The large variation in sedimentation rates, especially after the 1990s, is consistent with an increase in the anthropogenic flux of heavy metals. This may be led into a significant environmental problem such as reducing the size of the lake and degrading the quality the water in Burullus Lagoon. Enrichment factor (EF) of the studied elements displayed the following order: Cl > Ca > Na > Br > Zn > Ta > Ti > V > Cr > Sc > Mg > Mn > Fe > Hf which is higher than unity. Furthermore, the Nemerow pollution index (PI Nemerow) revealed that pollution was increasing in the direction of the drains and slightly polluted. Consequently, pollutant indices showed that urbanization and industrial development may have increased the depositional fluxes of the metals in sediments over time.
摘要：
Burullus泻湖是埃及保护区网络的一部分。泻湖是农业区排水的蓄水池,湖泊的沉积物为记录环境行为和重建重金属污染历史提供了独特的机会。在本研究中,沉积物年表,沉降速率,使用210Pb测年模型估算了四个沉积物岩心中的金属积累通量，以评估人类活动如何影响沿海环境。使用放射性同位素210Pb和137Cs，辐射测年是使用伽马射线光谱法进行的。在埃及第二研究反应堆（ETRR-2），使用仪器化中子活化分析（INAA-k0方法）确定元素浓度。我们的研究结果表明，恒定供应率(CRS)，这已经用人工放射性核素137Cs的峰值进行了验证，是Burullus泻湖年表的最佳模型。平均沉降速率,根据210Pb测年模型，是0.85厘米/年。沉降速率的大变化，尤其是90年代以后,与重金属人为通量的增加是一致的。这可能会导致严重的环境问题，例如减少湖泊的大小并降低Burullus泻湖的水质。研究元素的富集因子（EF）显示以下顺序：Cl>Ca>Na>Br>Zn>Ta>Ti>V>Cr>Sc>Mg>Mn>Fe>Hf，高于1。此外，内梅罗污染指数（PINemerow）表明，污染向排水沟方向增加，并受到轻度污染。因此,污染物指数表明，城市化和工业发展可能随着时间的推移增加了沉积物中金属的沉积通量。
