Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Operant conditioning of motor evoked torque (MEPTORQUE) can directly target the corticospinal pathway in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, it remains unclear whether operant conditioning can elicit short-term improvements in corticospinal excitability and whether these improvements are influenced by stimulus intensity.
UNASSIGNED: Quadriceps MEPTORQUE responses can be upconditioned in a single session and will elicit short-term adaptations in corticospinal excitability, with higher stimulus intensities eliciting greater effects.
UNASSIGNED: Randomized controlled laboratory study.
UNASSIGNED: Level 2.
UNASSIGNED: Thirty-six participants were assessed during a single session of an operant conditioning protocol. Participants were randomized into 1 of 3 groups for stimulus intensity used during operant conditioning based on the participant\'s active motor threshold (AMT: 100%, 120%, and 140%). Quadriceps MEPTORQUE amplitude was evaluated during a block of control transcranial magnetic stimulation trials (CTRL) to establish baseline corticospinal excitability, and 3 blocks of conditioning trials (COND) during which participants trained to upcondition their MEPTORQUE. MEPTORQUE recruitment curves were collected to evaluate the effect of operant conditioning on acute corticospinal adaptations.
UNASSIGNED: Participants with ACL reconstruction could upcondition their MEPTORQUE in a single session (P < 0.01; CTRL, 17.27 ± 1.28; COND, 21.35 ± 1.28 [mean ± standard error [SE] in N·m]), but this ability was not influenced by the stimulus intensity used during training (P = 0.84). Furthermore, significant improvements in corticospinal excitability were observed (P = 0.05; PRE, 687.91 ± 50.15; POST, 761.08 ± 50.15 [mean ± SE in N·m %AMT]), but stimulus intensity did not influence corticospinal adaptations (P = 0.67).
UNASSIGNED: Operant conditioning can elicit short-term neural adaptations in ACL-reconstructed patients. Future operant conditioning paradigms may effectively use any of the 3 stimulus intensities studied herein.
UNASSIGNED: Operant conditioning may be a feasible approach to improve corticospinal excitability after ACL reconstruction.
UNASSIGNED: Quadriceps MEPTORQUE responses can be upconditioned in a single session and will elicit short-term adaptations in corticospinal excitability, with higher stimulus intensities eliciting greater effects.
UNASSIGNED: Randomized controlled laboratory study.
UNASSIGNED: Level 2.
UNASSIGNED: Thirty-six participants were assessed during a single session of an operant conditioning protocol. Participants were randomized into 1 of 3 groups for stimulus intensity used during operant conditioning based on the participant\'s active motor threshold (AMT: 100%, 120%, and 140%). Quadriceps MEPTORQUE amplitude was evaluated during a block of control transcranial magnetic stimulation trials (CTRL) to establish baseline corticospinal excitability, and 3 blocks of conditioning trials (COND) during which participants trained to upcondition their MEPTORQUE. MEPTORQUE recruitment curves were collected to evaluate the effect of operant conditioning on acute corticospinal adaptations.
UNASSIGNED: Participants with ACL reconstruction could upcondition their MEPTORQUE in a single session (P < 0.01; CTRL, 17.27 ± 1.28; COND, 21.35 ± 1.28 [mean ± standard error [SE] in N·m]), but this ability was not influenced by the stimulus intensity used during training (P = 0.84). Furthermore, significant improvements in corticospinal excitability were observed (P = 0.05; PRE, 687.91 ± 50.15; POST, 761.08 ± 50.15 [mean ± SE in N·m %AMT]), but stimulus intensity did not influence corticospinal adaptations (P = 0.67).
UNASSIGNED: Operant conditioning can elicit short-term neural adaptations in ACL-reconstructed patients. Future operant conditioning paradigms may effectively use any of the 3 stimulus intensities studied herein.
UNASSIGNED: Operant conditioning may be a feasible approach to improve corticospinal excitability after ACL reconstruction.
摘要：
■运动诱发扭矩（MEPTORQUE）的操作调节可以直接靶向前交叉韧带（ACL）重建患者的皮质脊髓途径。然而,目前尚不清楚操作性预处理是否能引起皮质脊髓兴奋性的短期改善,以及这些改善是否受刺激强度的影响.
■股四头肌MEPTORQUE反应可以在单个会话中进行调整，并引起皮质脊髓兴奋性的短期适应，更高的刺激强度会产生更大的效果。
■随机对照实验室研究。
■二级。
■对36名参与者进行了评估，在一个操作调节方案的一个疗程中。根据参与者的主动运动阈值（AMT：100％，120%,和140%）。在对照经颅磁刺激试验（CTRL）中评估股四头肌MEPTORQUE振幅，以建立基线皮质脊髓兴奋性，和3组条件试验(COND)，在此期间参与者接受训练以改善他们的MEPTORQUE。收集MEPTORQUE募集曲线以评估操作性预处理对急性皮质脊髓适应的影响。
■ACL重建的参与者可以在单个会话中改善其MEPTORQUE（P<0.01；CTRL，17.27±1.28；COND，21.35±1.28[平均值±标准误差[SE]，单位为N·m])，但这种能力不受训练期间使用的刺激强度的影响(P=0.84)。此外，观察到皮质脊髓兴奋性的显著改善(P=0.05；PRE，687.91±50.15;开机自检,761.08±50.15[平均值±SE,N·m%AMT]),但刺激强度不影响皮质脊髓适应(P=0.67).
■可操作的预处理可以引起ACL重建患者的短期神经适应。未来的操作调节范例可以有效地使用本文研究的3种刺激强度中的任何一种。
■手术条件可能是改善ACL重建后皮质脊髓兴奋性的可行方法。
■股四头肌MEPTORQUE反应可以在单个会话中进行调整，并引起皮质脊髓兴奋性的短期适应，更高的刺激强度会产生更大的效果。
■随机对照实验室研究。
■二级。
■对36名参与者进行了评估，在一个操作调节方案的一个疗程中。根据参与者的主动运动阈值（AMT：100％，120%,和140%）。在对照经颅磁刺激试验（CTRL）中评估股四头肌MEPTORQUE振幅，以建立基线皮质脊髓兴奋性，和3组条件试验(COND)，在此期间参与者接受训练以改善他们的MEPTORQUE。收集MEPTORQUE募集曲线以评估操作性预处理对急性皮质脊髓适应的影响。
■ACL重建的参与者可以在单个会话中改善其MEPTORQUE（P<0.01；CTRL，17.27±1.28；COND，21.35±1.28[平均值±标准误差[SE]，单位为N·m])，但这种能力不受训练期间使用的刺激强度的影响(P=0.84)。此外，观察到皮质脊髓兴奋性的显著改善(P=0.05；PRE，687.91±50.15;开机自检,761.08±50.15[平均值±SE,N·m%AMT]),但刺激强度不影响皮质脊髓适应(P=0.67).
■可操作的预处理可以引起ACL重建患者的短期神经适应。未来的操作调节范例可以有效地使用本文研究的3种刺激强度中的任何一种。
■手术条件可能是改善ACL重建后皮质脊髓兴奋性的可行方法。
