PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for cancer, and when combined with smoking, the risk increases. Nevertheless, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the combined effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on the risk of various cancer types. Therefore, to assess these effects, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: We performed a systematic search of five literature databases, focusing on cohort and case-control studies. Considering exposure levels, we quantified the combined effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on cancer risk and assessed multiplicative interaction effects.
RESULTS: Of 4,452 studies identified, 24 (4 cohort studies and 20 case-control studies) were included in the meta-analysis. We detected interaction effect of light alcohol and moderate smoking on head and neck cancer risk (relative risk [RR], 4.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.50-7.26; I² = 65%). A synergistic interaction was observed in heavy alcohol and heavy smoking group (RR, 35.24; 95% CI, 23.17-53.58; I² = 69%). In more detailed cancer types, the interaction effect of heavy alcohol and heavy smoking was noticeable on oral (RR, 36.42; 95% CI, 24.62-53.87; I² = 46%) and laryngeal (RR, 38.75; 95% CI, 19.25-78.01; I² = 69%) cancer risk.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study provided a comprehensive summary of the combined effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on cancers. As their consumption increased, the synergy effect became more pronounced, and the synergy effect was evident especially for head and neck cancer. These findings provide additional evidence for the combined effect of alcohol and smoking in alcohol guidelines for cancer prevention.
METHODS: We performed a systematic search of five literature databases, focusing on cohort and case-control studies. Considering exposure levels, we quantified the combined effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on cancer risk and assessed multiplicative interaction effects.
RESULTS: Of 4,452 studies identified, 24 (4 cohort studies and 20 case-control studies) were included in the meta-analysis. We detected interaction effect of light alcohol and moderate smoking on head and neck cancer risk (relative risk [RR], 4.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.50-7.26; I² = 65%). A synergistic interaction was observed in heavy alcohol and heavy smoking group (RR, 35.24; 95% CI, 23.17-53.58; I² = 69%). In more detailed cancer types, the interaction effect of heavy alcohol and heavy smoking was noticeable on oral (RR, 36.42; 95% CI, 24.62-53.87; I² = 46%) and laryngeal (RR, 38.75; 95% CI, 19.25-78.01; I² = 69%) cancer risk.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study provided a comprehensive summary of the combined effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on cancers. As their consumption increased, the synergy effect became more pronounced, and the synergy effect was evident especially for head and neck cancer. These findings provide additional evidence for the combined effect of alcohol and smoking in alcohol guidelines for cancer prevention.
摘要：
背景：饮酒是癌症的主要危险因素，当与吸烟结合时，风险增加。然而，很少有研究全面评估饮酒和吸烟对各种癌症风险的综合影响。因此,为了评估这些影响，我们进行了系统评价和荟萃分析.
方法：我们对五个文献数据库进行了系统搜索，侧重于队列和病例对照研究。考虑到暴露水平，我们量化了饮酒和吸烟对癌症风险的综合影响,并评估了多重交互作用.
结果：在确定的4,452项研究中，24项（4项队列研究和20项病例对照研究）纳入荟萃分析。我们检测到轻度酒精和适度吸烟对头颈部癌症风险的交互作用(相对风险[RR]，4.26；95%置信区间[CI]，2.50-7.26；I²=65%）。在重酒精和重吸烟组中观察到协同相互作用(RR，35.24；95%CI，23.17-53.58；I²=69%）。在更详细的癌症类型中，重度酒精和重度吸烟的交互作用对口服(RR，36.42；95%CI，24.62-53.87；I²=46%）和喉（RR，38.75；95%CI，19.25-78.01；I²=69%）癌症风险。
结论：我们的研究全面总结了饮酒和吸烟对癌症的综合影响。随着消费的增加,协同效应变得更加明显，协同作用明显，尤其是对头颈部肿瘤。这些发现为酒精和吸烟在癌症预防指南中的联合作用提供了额外的证据。
方法：我们对五个文献数据库进行了系统搜索，侧重于队列和病例对照研究。考虑到暴露水平，我们量化了饮酒和吸烟对癌症风险的综合影响,并评估了多重交互作用.
结果：在确定的4,452项研究中，24项（4项队列研究和20项病例对照研究）纳入荟萃分析。我们检测到轻度酒精和适度吸烟对头颈部癌症风险的交互作用(相对风险[RR]，4.26；95%置信区间[CI]，2.50-7.26；I²=65%）。在重酒精和重吸烟组中观察到协同相互作用(RR，35.24；95%CI，23.17-53.58；I²=69%）。在更详细的癌症类型中，重度酒精和重度吸烟的交互作用对口服(RR，36.42；95%CI，24.62-53.87；I²=46%）和喉（RR，38.75；95%CI，19.25-78.01；I²=69%）癌症风险。
结论：我们的研究全面总结了饮酒和吸烟对癌症的综合影响。随着消费的增加,协同效应变得更加明显，协同作用明显，尤其是对头颈部肿瘤。这些发现为酒精和吸烟在癌症预防指南中的联合作用提供了额外的证据。
