PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Rabies, caused by the rhabdovirus, is a fatal zoonotic disease with over 59,000 annual deaths globally. Asia and Africa account for 95%, with India leading, followed by China. In Pakistan, where it\'s endemic, over 50,000 cases are reported yearly. Controlling rabid dog populations through vaccination is crucial in curbing mortality. This research aimed to evaluate healthcare professionals\' knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning rabies in Peshawar, Pakistan.
METHODS: The study was conducted at different tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan from 16 August 2021 to 15 February 2022. Cross-sectional research was conducted to gather data from a total of 100 healthcare workers representing different sections within the healthcare field, including Medical Officers, House Officers, Faculty Staff, Nurses, and Paramedics. Data on knowledge, attitudes, and practices about rabies were collected using a standardized questionnaire. The data analysis included using descriptive statistics and chi-square testing to ascertain potential correlations.
RESULTS: Among the healthcare professionals, 68 (68%) were males, and 32 (32%) were females. Profession-wise, the included professionals were Nurses 31 (31%), Medical Officers 27 (27%), House officers 26 (26%), paramedical staff 13 (13%), and faculty staff 3 (3%). 91 (91%) and 9 (9%) healthcare professionals responded that dogs and cats are responsible for rabies transmission, respectively. Moreover, 82 (82%) individuals responded that animal bite plays a vital role in the transmission of rabies, whilst 76 (76%) individuals responded that rabies transferred from human to human. 82 (82%) individuals replied that the anti-rabies vaccine (ARV) is the treatment of choice for rabies. Furthermore, 78 (78%) individuals responded that ARV is safe in pregnancy and lactation. Moreover, after being asked about the perception of the health care professionals about the failure in controlling rabies, their responses were unavailability of ARV/RIG 41 (41%), lack of control of stray dogs 34 (34%), lack of awareness 20 (20%). The study revealed statistically significant correlations between healthcare occupations and variables: knowledge of animals responsible for transmitting rabies (p = 0.024) and awareness of human-to-human transmission (p = 0.007). Significant disparities were noted in understanding rabies transmission through contaminated water (p = 0.002). There were variations in attitudes and practices seen across different positions, particularly about views about home treatments (p = 0.033) and the perceived effectiveness of cleansing bite wounds (p = 0.010). Disparities in perceptions of rabies treatment and the accessibility of anti-rabies vaccines and immunoglobulin were observed, with variations based on individual roles.
CONCLUSIONS: The present research elucidates variations in rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers, specifically concerning their respective roles. Tailored training programs and standardized practices play a crucial role in mitigating these discrepancies, fostering a greater understanding of rabies, and enhancing the quality of patient treatment. It is recommended that future studies undertake an assessment of the efficacy of therapies and advocate for the adoption of collaborative One Health strategies in the realm of rabies management.
METHODS: The study was conducted at different tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan from 16 August 2021 to 15 February 2022. Cross-sectional research was conducted to gather data from a total of 100 healthcare workers representing different sections within the healthcare field, including Medical Officers, House Officers, Faculty Staff, Nurses, and Paramedics. Data on knowledge, attitudes, and practices about rabies were collected using a standardized questionnaire. The data analysis included using descriptive statistics and chi-square testing to ascertain potential correlations.
RESULTS: Among the healthcare professionals, 68 (68%) were males, and 32 (32%) were females. Profession-wise, the included professionals were Nurses 31 (31%), Medical Officers 27 (27%), House officers 26 (26%), paramedical staff 13 (13%), and faculty staff 3 (3%). 91 (91%) and 9 (9%) healthcare professionals responded that dogs and cats are responsible for rabies transmission, respectively. Moreover, 82 (82%) individuals responded that animal bite plays a vital role in the transmission of rabies, whilst 76 (76%) individuals responded that rabies transferred from human to human. 82 (82%) individuals replied that the anti-rabies vaccine (ARV) is the treatment of choice for rabies. Furthermore, 78 (78%) individuals responded that ARV is safe in pregnancy and lactation. Moreover, after being asked about the perception of the health care professionals about the failure in controlling rabies, their responses were unavailability of ARV/RIG 41 (41%), lack of control of stray dogs 34 (34%), lack of awareness 20 (20%). The study revealed statistically significant correlations between healthcare occupations and variables: knowledge of animals responsible for transmitting rabies (p = 0.024) and awareness of human-to-human transmission (p = 0.007). Significant disparities were noted in understanding rabies transmission through contaminated water (p = 0.002). There were variations in attitudes and practices seen across different positions, particularly about views about home treatments (p = 0.033) and the perceived effectiveness of cleansing bite wounds (p = 0.010). Disparities in perceptions of rabies treatment and the accessibility of anti-rabies vaccines and immunoglobulin were observed, with variations based on individual roles.
CONCLUSIONS: The present research elucidates variations in rabies knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers, specifically concerning their respective roles. Tailored training programs and standardized practices play a crucial role in mitigating these discrepancies, fostering a greater understanding of rabies, and enhancing the quality of patient treatment. It is recommended that future studies undertake an assessment of the efficacy of therapies and advocate for the adoption of collaborative One Health strategies in the realm of rabies management.
摘要：
背景：狂犬病，由弹状病毒引起的，是一种致命的人畜共患疾病，全球每年有超过59,000人死亡。亚洲和非洲占95%，在印度的领导下，其次是中国。在巴基斯坦,它是地方性的，每年报告超过50,000例。通过疫苗接种控制狂犬病犬种群对于抑制死亡率至关重要。这项研究旨在评估医疗保健专业人员的知识，态度，关于白沙瓦狂犬病的做法，巴基斯坦。
方法：这项研究是在白沙瓦的不同三级医院进行的，巴基斯坦从2021年8月16日至2022年2月15日。进行了横断面研究，以收集来自代表医疗保健领域不同部门的100名医护人员的数据。包括医务人员,众议院官员,教职员工,护士,和护理人员。知识数据，态度，使用标准化问卷收集有关狂犬病的实践。数据分析包括使用描述性统计和卡方检验来确定潜在的相关性。
结果：在医疗保健专业人员中，68（68％）是男性，女性32人(32%)。职业方面，包括的专业人员是31名护士(31%)，医务人员27人（27%），众议院官员26人（26％），辅助医务人员13人(13%)，和教职员工3（3％）。91（91％）和9（9％）医疗保健专业人员回答说，狗和猫是狂犬病传播的原因，分别。此外，82（82%）个人回答说，动物咬伤在狂犬病的传播中起着至关重要的作用，而76人(76%)回应说狂犬病在人与人之间转移。82（82％）个人回答说，抗狂犬病疫苗（ARV）是狂犬病的首选治疗方法。此外，78（78％）个人回答说，ARV在怀孕和哺乳期是安全的。此外，在被问及卫生保健专业人员对控制狂犬病失败的看法后，他们的回答是ARV/RIG41不可用(41%)，缺乏对流浪狗的控制34（34％），缺乏意识20（20％）。该研究揭示了医疗保健职业与变量之间的统计学显着相关性：负责传播狂犬病的动物知识（p=0.024）和人与人之间传播的意识（p=0.007）。在了解狂犬病通过污染水传播方面存在显着差异（p=0.002）。不同职位的态度和做法有所不同，特别是关于家庭治疗的观点（p=0.033）和清洁咬伤的有效性（p=0.010）。观察到狂犬病治疗的认知和抗狂犬病疫苗和免疫球蛋白的可及性差异,基于个人角色的变化。
结论：本研究阐明了狂犬病知识的变化，态度，以及医护人员的实践，特别是他们各自的角色。量身定制的培训计划和标准化的做法在减轻这些差异方面发挥着至关重要的作用。加强对狂犬病的了解，提高患者治疗质量。建议未来的研究对疗法的疗效进行评估，并倡导在狂犬病管理领域采用“一个健康”协作策略。
方法：这项研究是在白沙瓦的不同三级医院进行的，巴基斯坦从2021年8月16日至2022年2月15日。进行了横断面研究，以收集来自代表医疗保健领域不同部门的100名医护人员的数据。包括医务人员,众议院官员,教职员工,护士,和护理人员。知识数据，态度，使用标准化问卷收集有关狂犬病的实践。数据分析包括使用描述性统计和卡方检验来确定潜在的相关性。
结果：在医疗保健专业人员中，68（68％）是男性，女性32人(32%)。职业方面，包括的专业人员是31名护士(31%)，医务人员27人（27%），众议院官员26人（26％），辅助医务人员13人(13%)，和教职员工3（3％）。91（91％）和9（9％）医疗保健专业人员回答说，狗和猫是狂犬病传播的原因，分别。此外，82（82%）个人回答说，动物咬伤在狂犬病的传播中起着至关重要的作用，而76人(76%)回应说狂犬病在人与人之间转移。82（82％）个人回答说，抗狂犬病疫苗（ARV）是狂犬病的首选治疗方法。此外，78（78％）个人回答说，ARV在怀孕和哺乳期是安全的。此外，在被问及卫生保健专业人员对控制狂犬病失败的看法后，他们的回答是ARV/RIG41不可用(41%)，缺乏对流浪狗的控制34（34％），缺乏意识20（20％）。该研究揭示了医疗保健职业与变量之间的统计学显着相关性：负责传播狂犬病的动物知识（p=0.024）和人与人之间传播的意识（p=0.007）。在了解狂犬病通过污染水传播方面存在显着差异（p=0.002）。不同职位的态度和做法有所不同，特别是关于家庭治疗的观点（p=0.033）和清洁咬伤的有效性（p=0.010）。观察到狂犬病治疗的认知和抗狂犬病疫苗和免疫球蛋白的可及性差异,基于个人角色的变化。
结论：本研究阐明了狂犬病知识的变化，态度，以及医护人员的实践，特别是他们各自的角色。量身定制的培训计划和标准化的做法在减轻这些差异方面发挥着至关重要的作用。加强对狂犬病的了解，提高患者治疗质量。建议未来的研究对疗法的疗效进行评估，并倡导在狂犬病管理领域采用“一个健康”协作策略。
