Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of a centrifugation method on the surface characteristics, flexural properties, and cytotoxicity of an additively manufactured denture base polymer.
METHODS: The tested specimens were prepared by digital light processing (DLP). A centrifugation method (CENT) was used to remove the residual uncured resin. In addition, the specimens were post-processed with different post-rinsing solutions: isopropanol (IPA), ethanol (EtOH), and tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether (TPM), respectively. A commercial heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate was used as a reference (REF). First, the values of surface topography, arithmetical mean height (Sa), and root mean square height (Sq) were measured. Next, flexural strength (FS) and modulus were evaluated. Finally, cytotoxicity was assessed using an extract test. The data were statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey\'s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis.
RESULTS: The Sa value in the CENT group was lower than in the IPA, EtOH, TPM, and REF groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the CENT group had lower Sq values than other groups (p < 0.001). The centrifugation method showed a higher FS value (80.92 ± 8.65 MPa) than the EtOH (61.71 ± 12.25 MPa, p < 0.001) and TPM (67.01 ± 9.751 MPa, p = 0.027), while affecting IPA (72.26 ± 8.80 MPa, p = 0.268) and REF (71.39 ± 10.44 MPa, p = 0.231). Also, the centrifugation method showed no evident cytotoxic effects.
CONCLUSIONS: The surfaces treated with a centrifugation method were relatively smooth. Simultaneously, the flexural strength of denture base polymers was enhanced through centrifugation. Finally, no evident cytotoxic effects could be observed from different post-processing procedures.
CONCLUSIONS: The centrifugation method could optimize surface quality and flexural strength of DLP-printed denture base polymers without compromising cytocompatibility, offering an alternative to conventional rinsing post-processing.
METHODS: The tested specimens were prepared by digital light processing (DLP). A centrifugation method (CENT) was used to remove the residual uncured resin. In addition, the specimens were post-processed with different post-rinsing solutions: isopropanol (IPA), ethanol (EtOH), and tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether (TPM), respectively. A commercial heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate was used as a reference (REF). First, the values of surface topography, arithmetical mean height (Sa), and root mean square height (Sq) were measured. Next, flexural strength (FS) and modulus were evaluated. Finally, cytotoxicity was assessed using an extract test. The data were statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey\'s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis.
RESULTS: The Sa value in the CENT group was lower than in the IPA, EtOH, TPM, and REF groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the CENT group had lower Sq values than other groups (p < 0.001). The centrifugation method showed a higher FS value (80.92 ± 8.65 MPa) than the EtOH (61.71 ± 12.25 MPa, p < 0.001) and TPM (67.01 ± 9.751 MPa, p = 0.027), while affecting IPA (72.26 ± 8.80 MPa, p = 0.268) and REF (71.39 ± 10.44 MPa, p = 0.231). Also, the centrifugation method showed no evident cytotoxic effects.
CONCLUSIONS: The surfaces treated with a centrifugation method were relatively smooth. Simultaneously, the flexural strength of denture base polymers was enhanced through centrifugation. Finally, no evident cytotoxic effects could be observed from different post-processing procedures.
CONCLUSIONS: The centrifugation method could optimize surface quality and flexural strength of DLP-printed denture base polymers without compromising cytocompatibility, offering an alternative to conventional rinsing post-processing.
摘要：
目的：为了研究离心法对表面特性的影响，弯曲性能，和增材制造的义齿基托聚合物的细胞毒性。
方法：通过数字光处理（DLP）制备测试样品。使用离心法(CENT)除去残留的未固化树脂。此外,样品用不同的后冲洗溶液后处理：异丙醇（IPA），乙醇(EtOH),和三丙二醇单甲醚(TPM)，分别。商业热聚合聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯用作参考(REF)。首先,表面形貌的值，算术平均高度(Sa)，测量均方根高度(Sq)。接下来,评估弯曲强度（FS）和模量。最后,使用提取物试验评估细胞毒性。数据采用单向方差分析进行统计分析，其次是Tukey的多重比较测试，用于事后分析。
结果：CENT组的Sa值低于IPA，EtOH,TPM,和REF组(p<0.001)。此外，CENT组的Sq值低于其他组(p<0.001).离心法显示出比EtOH(61.71±12.25MPa,80.92±8.65MPa)更高的FS值(80.92±8.65MPa,p<0.001）和TPM（67.01±9.751MPa，p=0.027),同时影响IPA(72.26±8.80MPa,p=0.268)和REF(71.39±10.44MPa,p=0.231）。此外，离心法无明显细胞毒作用。
结论:用离心法处理的表面相对光滑。同时,通过离心增强了义齿基托聚合物的弯曲强度。最后,从不同的后处理程序中未观察到明显的细胞毒性作用.
结论：离心法可以优化DLP印花义齿基托聚合物的表面质量和弯曲强度，而不影响细胞相容性，提供了一个替代传统的冲洗后处理。
方法：通过数字光处理（DLP）制备测试样品。使用离心法(CENT)除去残留的未固化树脂。此外,样品用不同的后冲洗溶液后处理：异丙醇（IPA），乙醇(EtOH),和三丙二醇单甲醚(TPM)，分别。商业热聚合聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯用作参考(REF)。首先,表面形貌的值，算术平均高度(Sa)，测量均方根高度(Sq)。接下来,评估弯曲强度（FS）和模量。最后,使用提取物试验评估细胞毒性。数据采用单向方差分析进行统计分析，其次是Tukey的多重比较测试，用于事后分析。
结果：CENT组的Sa值低于IPA，EtOH,TPM,和REF组(p<0.001)。此外，CENT组的Sq值低于其他组(p<0.001).离心法显示出比EtOH(61.71±12.25MPa,80.92±8.65MPa)更高的FS值(80.92±8.65MPa,p<0.001）和TPM（67.01±9.751MPa，p=0.027),同时影响IPA(72.26±8.80MPa,p=0.268)和REF(71.39±10.44MPa,p=0.231）。此外，离心法无明显细胞毒作用。
结论:用离心法处理的表面相对光滑。同时,通过离心增强了义齿基托聚合物的弯曲强度。最后,从不同的后处理程序中未观察到明显的细胞毒性作用.
结论：离心法可以优化DLP印花义齿基托聚合物的表面质量和弯曲强度，而不影响细胞相容性，提供了一个替代传统的冲洗后处理。
