Abstract：
Microalgae-mediated industrial flue gas biofixation has been widely discussed as a clean alternative for greenhouse gas mitigation. Through photosynthetic processes, microalgae can fix carbon dioxide (CO2) and other compounds and can also be exploited to obtain high value-added products in a circular economy. One of the major limitations of this bioprocess is the high concentrations of CO2, sulfur oxides (SOx), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in flue gases, according to the origin of the fuel, that can inhibit photosynthesis and reduce the process efficiency. To overcome these limitations, researchers have recently developed new technologies and enhanced process configurations, thereby increased productivity and CO2 removal rates. Overall, CO2 biofixation rates from flue gases by microalgae ranged from 72 mg L-1 d -1 to over 435 mg L-1 d-1, which were directly influenced by different factors, mainly the microalgae species and photobioreactor. Additionally, mixotrophic culture have shown potential in improving microalgae productivity. Progress in developing new reactor configurations, with pilot-scale implementations was observed, resulting in an increase in patents related to the subject and in the implementation of companies using combustion gases in microalgae culture. Advancements in microalgae-based green technologies for environmental impact mitigation have led to more efficient biotechnological processes and opened large-scale possibilities.
摘要：
微藻介导的工业烟气生物固定已被广泛讨论为温室气体缓解的清洁替代方案。通过光合过程，微藻可以固定二氧化碳（CO2）和其他化合物，也可以在循环经济中被利用以获得高附加值的产品。这种生物过程的主要限制之一是高浓度的CO2，硫氧化物（SOx），和烟气中的氮氧化物（NOx），根据燃料的来源,这可能会抑制光合作用并降低过程效率。为了克服这些限制,研究人员最近开发了新技术和增强的过程配置，从而提高生产率和CO2去除率。总的来说,微藻对烟气中CO2的生物固定率从72mgL-1d-1到435mgL-1d-1以上，受不同因素的直接影响。主要是微藻种类和光生物反应器。此外,混合营养培养已显示出提高微藻生产力的潜力。在开发新的反应堆配置方面的进展，观察到试点规模的实施，导致与该主题相关的专利增加，以及在微藻培养中使用燃烧气体的公司的实施。基于微藻的绿色技术在缓解环境影响方面的进步导致了更有效的生物技术过程，并开辟了大规模的可能性。
