PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Teenage pregnancies are a global concern. Malawi is one of the countries with the highest teenage pregnancy rates despite government efforts to reverse the situation and yet studies on determinants of teenage pregnancy are rare with some factors remaining unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors associated with teenage pregnancies in Malawi.
METHODS: This was a community-based case-control study that used secondary data from the 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey from all 28 districts of Malawi. The study population comprised women aged 20-24 who participated in the survey. The study ran from September 2021 to October 2022 and used a sample size of 3,435 participants who were all women aged 20-24 in the dataset who met the inclusion criteria. Data were analysed using Stata 16 software. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors. Variables with a P value of < 0.1 in the univariable analysis were included in the multivariable analyses, where statistical significance was obtained at a P value < 0. 05.
RESULTS: Data on 3435 participants were analysed. In multivariable analyses: no teenage marriage (AOR 0.13); secondary education (AOR 0.26); higher education (AOR 0.39); richest category of wealth index (AOR 0.51), use of contraception (AOR 3.08), domestic violence by father or mother (AOR 0.37) were found to be significant factors.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified determinants of teenage pregnancy. The government has to sustain and expand initiatives that increase protection from teenage pregnancy, reinforce the implementation of amended marriage legislation, introduce policies to improve the socioeconomic status of vulnerable girls and increase contraceptive use among adolescent girls before their first pregnancy. Further research is also recommended to resolve inconclusive results.
METHODS: This was a community-based case-control study that used secondary data from the 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey from all 28 districts of Malawi. The study population comprised women aged 20-24 who participated in the survey. The study ran from September 2021 to October 2022 and used a sample size of 3,435 participants who were all women aged 20-24 in the dataset who met the inclusion criteria. Data were analysed using Stata 16 software. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors. Variables with a P value of < 0.1 in the univariable analysis were included in the multivariable analyses, where statistical significance was obtained at a P value < 0. 05.
RESULTS: Data on 3435 participants were analysed. In multivariable analyses: no teenage marriage (AOR 0.13); secondary education (AOR 0.26); higher education (AOR 0.39); richest category of wealth index (AOR 0.51), use of contraception (AOR 3.08), domestic violence by father or mother (AOR 0.37) were found to be significant factors.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identified determinants of teenage pregnancy. The government has to sustain and expand initiatives that increase protection from teenage pregnancy, reinforce the implementation of amended marriage legislation, introduce policies to improve the socioeconomic status of vulnerable girls and increase contraceptive use among adolescent girls before their first pregnancy. Further research is also recommended to resolve inconclusive results.
摘要：
背景：青少年怀孕是全球关注的问题。马拉维是少女怀孕率最高的国家之一，尽管政府努力扭转局面，但关于少女怀孕决定因素的研究很少，一些因素仍未得到探索。因此,本研究旨在确定马拉维少女怀孕的相关因素.
方法：这是一项基于社区的病例对照研究，使用了来自马拉维所有28个地区的2015-16年马拉维人口和健康调查的次要数据。研究人群包括参与调查的20-24岁女性。该研究从2021年9月到2022年10月进行，使用了3,435名参与者的样本量，这些参与者都是数据集中20-24岁的女性，符合纳入标准。使用Stata16软件分析数据。Logistic回归分析用于确定因素。单变量分析中P值<0.1的变量包括在多变量分析中，其中在P值<0时获得统计学意义。05.
结果：分析了3435名参与者的数据。在多变量分析中：无少女婚姻（AOR0.13）;中学教育（AOR0.26）;高等教育（AOR0.39）;最富有的财富类别指数（AOR0.51），使用避孕（AOR3.08），发现父亲或母亲的家庭暴力（AOR0.37）是重要因素。
结论：本研究确定了少女怀孕的决定因素。政府必须维持和扩大加强青少年怀孕保护的举措，加强修订后的婚姻立法的执行，出台政策，改善弱势女孩的社会经济地位，并在少女首次怀孕前增加避孕药具的使用。还建议进一步研究以解决不确定的结果。
方法：这是一项基于社区的病例对照研究，使用了来自马拉维所有28个地区的2015-16年马拉维人口和健康调查的次要数据。研究人群包括参与调查的20-24岁女性。该研究从2021年9月到2022年10月进行，使用了3,435名参与者的样本量，这些参与者都是数据集中20-24岁的女性，符合纳入标准。使用Stata16软件分析数据。Logistic回归分析用于确定因素。单变量分析中P值<0.1的变量包括在多变量分析中，其中在P值<0时获得统计学意义。05.
结果：分析了3435名参与者的数据。在多变量分析中：无少女婚姻（AOR0.13）;中学教育（AOR0.26）;高等教育（AOR0.39）;最富有的财富类别指数（AOR0.51），使用避孕（AOR3.08），发现父亲或母亲的家庭暴力（AOR0.37）是重要因素。
结论：本研究确定了少女怀孕的决定因素。政府必须维持和扩大加强青少年怀孕保护的举措，加强修订后的婚姻立法的执行，出台政策，改善弱势女孩的社会经济地位，并在少女首次怀孕前增加避孕药具的使用。还建议进一步研究以解决不确定的结果。
