Abstract：
While many gene expression studies have focused on male pattern baldness (MPB), few studies have investigated the genetic differences between bald and non-bald hair follicles in female pattern hair loss (FPHL). This study aimed to identify molecular biomarkers associated with FPHL through genetic analysis of paired bald and non-bald hair follicles from 18 FPHL patients, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. RNA transcriptome analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between bald and non-bald hair follicles in FPHL. The DEGs were validated using real-time PCR, and protein expression was confirmed through immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Our findings suggest that HOXB13, SFRP2, PTGDS, CXCR3, SFRP4, SOD3, and DCN are significantly upregulated in bald hair follicles compared to non-bald hair follicles in FPHL. SFRP2 and PTGDS were found to be consistently highly expressed in bald hair follicles in all 18 samples. Additionally, elevated protein levels of SFRP2 and PTGDS were confirmed through western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. Our study identified SFRP2 and PTGDS as potential biomarkers for FPHL and suggests that they may play a role in inducing hair loss in this condition. These findings provide a foundation for further research on the pathogenesis of FPHL and potential therapeutic targets.
摘要：
虽然许多基因表达研究都集中在男性型秃发（MPB），很少有研究调查女性脱发（FPHL）中秃头和非秃头毛囊之间的遗传差异。本研究旨在通过对18例FPHL患者的配对秃发和非秃发毛囊的遗传分析，确定与FPHL相关的分子生物标志物。使用下一代测序（NGS）技术。进行RNA转录组分析以鉴定FPHL中秃发和非秃发毛囊之间的差异表达基因(DEGs)。使用实时PCR验证DEGs，通过免疫组织化学和蛋白质印迹分析证实了蛋白质的表达。我们的研究结果表明，HOXB13、SFRP2、PTGDS、与FPHL中的非秃发毛囊相比,CXCR3、SFRP4、SOD3和DCN在秃发毛囊中显著上调。在所有18个样品中,发现SFRP2和PTGDS在秃发毛囊中一致地高度表达。此外,通过蛋白质印迹和免疫组织化学分析证实SFRP2和PTGDS蛋白水平升高.我们的研究将SFRP2和PTGDS确定为FPHL的潜在生物标志物，并表明它们可能在这种情况下诱导脱发中发挥作用。这些发现为进一步研究FPHL的发病机制和潜在的治疗靶点奠定了基础。
