Abstract：
Protein lysine lactylation, a recently discovered post-translational modification (PTM), is prevalent across tissues and cells of diverse species, serving as a regulator of glycolytic flux and biological metabolism. The yak (Bos grunniens), a species that has inhabited the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for millennia, has evolved intricate adaptive mechanisms to cope with the region\'s unique geographical and climatic conditions, exhibiting remarkable energy utilization and metabolic efficiency. Nonetheless, the specific landscape of lysine lactylation in yaks remains poorly understood. Herein, we present the first comprehensive lactylome profile of the yak, effectively identifying 421, 308, and 650 lactylated proteins in the heart, muscles, and liver, respectively. These lactylated proteins are involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and metabolic process encompassing carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins during both anaerobic and aerobic glucose bio-oxidation, implying their crucial role in material and energy metabolism, as well as in maintaining homeostasis in yaks.
摘要：
蛋白赖氨酸的乳酸化，最近发现的翻译后修饰（PTM），普遍存在于不同物种的组织和细胞中，作为糖酵解通量和生物代谢的调节剂。牦牛（Bosgrunniens），一个在青藏高原居住了几千年的物种，已经进化出复杂的适应机制来应对该地区独特的地理和气候条件，表现出显著的能量利用率和代谢效率。尽管如此，对牦牛赖氨酸乳酸化的具体情况仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们介绍了牦牛的第一个全面的乳糜体概况，有效地识别心脏中的421、308和650个乳酸化蛋白，肌肉,还有肝脏,分别。这些乳酰蛋白参与糖酵解/糖异生，三羧酸循环，氧化磷酸化，和包括碳水化合物的代谢过程，脂质，厌氧和需氧葡萄糖生物氧化过程中的蛋白质，暗示它们在物质和能量代谢中的关键作用，以及维持牦牛的体内平衡。
