Abstract：
The XXXIIIrd Paris Summer Olympics followed by the XVIIth Paralympics Games will take place in France, predominantly in and around Paris, from July 26 to September 8, 2024. Public health stakeholders and decision-makers are called upon to set up or strengthen surveillance systems in areas hosting Olympic or Paralympic Games (OPGs) or large-scale international competitions, the objective being to detect and manage outbreaks should they occur during that period. We undertook a narrative review of the literature so as to identify major reported infectious disease outbreaks linked with or during OPGs / international sporting events during warm seasons. Our review found that since 1992, Summer Olympic and Paralympic games and international football competitions have been associated with sporadic cases of infectious diseases, principally respiratory, gastrointestinal/foodborne, but not with any major communicable or other infectious disease outbreak. Communicable disease risks should be assessed for the population taken as a whole, an integrated ecosystem with several population compartments potentially exchanging pathogens among one another. Although the Games afford an opportunity to federate or invent new surveillance systems to fill a gap, surveillance should be based on existing medical and laboratory systems, proven tools reinforced with the necessary human and financial resources. The performance of the public health surveillance system is ultimately predicated on trust on the part of participating clinicians, policymakers and international partners.
摘要：
第三十三届巴黎夏季奥运会，随后的第十七届残奥会将在法国举行，主要在巴黎及其周边地区，从2024年7月26日至9月8日。呼吁公共卫生利益相关者和决策者在举办奥运会或残奥会（OPG）或大型国际比赛的地区建立或加强监测系统，目标是在这段时间内发现和管理疫情。我们对文献进行了叙述性审查，以确定在温暖季节与OPG/国际体育赛事有关或在OPG/国际体育赛事期间发生的主要传染病暴发。我们的回顾发现,自1992年以来,夏季奥运会和残奥会以及国际足球赛事都与传染病的散发病例有关,主要是呼吸,胃肠/食源性，但没有任何重大传染病或其他传染病爆发。传染病风险应该作为一个整体来评估，具有几个种群隔室的综合生态系统，它们之间可能会交换病原体。尽管奥运会提供了一个联合或发明新的监控系统来填补空白的机会，监测应基于现有的医疗和实验室系统，经过验证的工具得到了必要的人力和财政资源的加强。公共卫生监测系统的性能最终取决于参与临床医生的信任，决策者和国际合作伙伴。
