PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Gender identification plays a pivotal role in forensic medicine. Among the various methods used for gender identification, deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) based methods are considered accurate. Exfoliated oral mucosal cells that are harvested from oral hygiene aids can be potentially used for gender identification using real-time polymerase chain rection (PCR). The aim of the present longitudinal study is to assess and compare the efficacy of toothbrush and miswak as potential tools to harvest exfoliated cells for gender identification. Forty healthy volunteers were recruited and asked to clean their teeth using new toothbrush and fresh miswak each day for 4 days. Toothbrush and miswak used by the participants were subjected to DNA analysis immediately, 1st, 2nd and 6th month. The absorbance of DNA samples were quantified and gender identification was done by amplification of sex determining gene-Sex determining region Y gene (SRY) and ALT1 genes using real-time PCR. The number of correct and positive identification for samples at various time points were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Post hoc power analysis showed that the study had a power of 93%. Correct and positive gender identification was observed for the samples (100%) obtained using miswak, for tooth brush it reduced to 95%, 80%, and 35% at the end of 1st, 2nd, and 6th month. The differences seen at the end of 2nd month and 6th month were statistically significant. Miswak is a better tool to harvest exfoliated cells for gender identification when compared to a toothbrush. Hence, miswak can serve as a potential tool in forensic medicine for DNA extraction and subsequently victim identification.
摘要：
性别鉴定在法医学中起着举足轻重的作用。在用于性别识别的各种方法中，基于脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）的方法被认为是准确的。从口腔卫生辅助工具中收获的脱落的口腔粘膜细胞可潜在地用于使用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行性别鉴定。本纵向研究的目的是评估和比较牙刷和miswak作为收获脱落细胞进行性别鉴定的潜在工具的功效。招募了40名健康志愿者，要求他们每天使用新的牙刷和新鲜的miswak清洁牙齿，持续4天。参与者使用的牙刷和miswak立即进行了DNA分析，1st,第二和第六个月。定量DNA样品的吸光度并通过使用实时PCR扩增性别决定基因-性别决定区Y基因（SRY）和ALT1基因来进行性别鉴定。将在不同时间点的样品的正确和阳性鉴定的数量制表并进行统计分析。事后功率分析表明，该研究的功率为93％。使用miswak获得的样品（100％）观察到正确和积极的性别鉴定，对于牙刷来说，它减少到95%，80%,35%在1号结束时，2nd,第六个月。在第2个月末和第6个月末观察到的差异具有统计学意义。与牙刷相比，Miswak是收获脱落细胞以进行性别识别的更好工具。因此，miswak可以作为法医学中DNA提取和随后受害者鉴定的潜在工具。
